Lewis Thomas was born in 1913 in Flush...

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Lewis Thomas was born in 1913 in Flushing, New York to a family physician and his nurse wife. He was fascinated by his father's profession, and it became a baseline for his later understanding of the dramatic changes, not always good ones in his opinion, in the practice of medicine in the twentieth century. He entered Princeton at 15 where he was an average student, but he developed an interest in poetry and literary humor, writing much 'good bad verse,' as he described it, for the Princeton Tiger, which showed primarily his sense of humor about undergraduate life but no particular interest in the natural world.
He was admitted to Harvard Medical School in 1933, at the time when medicine was changing dramatically into a clinical science and antibiotics would soon be developed. During his internship at Boston City Hospital he supported himself by donating blood and publishing a dozen poems in the Atlantic Monthly, Harper's Bazaar, and the Saturday Evening Post.【71】He completed a residency in neurology at the Columbia Presbyterian Medieal Center and married Beryl Dawson, whom he later called his editorial collaborator, in 1941.
He began his medical career as research fellow in neurology at the Thorndike Memorial Laboratories. He was called for service in 1942 with the Naval Reserve as a medical researcher assigned to the Pacific.【72】His developing interest in immunological defense mechanisms became the base of his later research; he would later write a long essay on it, 'On Disease,' in The Medusa and the Snail.
In 1948 Thomas went to Tulane University as a researcher in microbiology and immunology. He was noted for his creativity and ability to generate original hypotheses.【73】He became head of the pathology department at New York University Medical School in 1954, where over the next fifteen years he helped transform. immunology into a clinical science and built unusually collaborative and interdisciplinary research teams. He would also chair the Department of Medicine at Bellevue Hospital.【74】However, he never abandoned his clinical and research concerns, and moved to Yale in 1969 to continue research in the pathogenesis of mycoplasma diseases.
In 1971, while Thomas was chairman of the Department of Pathology at the Yale Medical School, his friend Dr. Franz Ingelfinger, the editor Of the New England Journal of Medicine, asked him to write a monthly essay, called 'Notes of a Biology Watcher.' Each essay would be about 1,000 words, firing a page of the Journal; there would be no pay, but there would also be no editing of his work.【75】

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参考答案：D,D

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Part B (10 points)
You are going to read a list of headings and a text about the Deep Impact by NASA; Choose the most suitable heading from the list for each numbered paragraph. The first paragraph and the last two paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There is one extra heading which you don't need to use.

A.
B.m.
C.
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G.
H.6
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L.

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Part B (10 points)
You are going to read a text about the principles for teaching extensive reading, followed by a list of examples. Choose the best example from the list for each numbered subheading. There is one extra example which you do not need to use.
We offer here some principles for teaching extensive reading as a tool for professional development. These are what we believe the basic ingredients of extensive reading. We encourage teachers to use them as a way to examine their beliefs about reading in general and extensive reading in particular, and the ways they teach foreign language reading. We posit these principles in the hopes that others will consider them and react to them.
(41) The reading material is easy.
This clearly separates extensive reading from other approaches to teaching foreign language reading. For extensive reading to be possible and for it to have the desired results, texts must be well within the learners' reading competence in the foreign language.
(42) A variety of reading material on a wide range of topics must be available.
The success of extensive reading depends largely on enticing students to read. To awaken or en courage a desire to read, the texts made available should ideally be as varied as the learners who read them and the purposes for which they want to read.
(43) Learners choose what they want to read.
The principle of freedom of choice means that learners can select texts as they do in their own language, that is, they can choose texts they expect to understand, to enjoy or to learn from. Correlative to this principle, learners are also free, indeed encouraged, to stop reading anything they find to be too difficult, or that turns out not to be of interest.
(44) Learners read as much as possible.
This is the 'extensive' of extensive reading, made possible by the previous principles. The most critical element in learning to read is the amount of time spent actually reading.
The purpose of reading is usually related to pleasure, information and general understanding.
In an extensive reading approach, learners are encouraged to read for the same kinds of reasons and in the same ways as the general population of first-language readers. This sets extensive reading apart from usual classroom practice on the one hand, and reading for academic purposes on the other. One hundred percent comprehension, indeed, any particular objective level of comprehension, is not a goal. In terms of reading outcomes, the focus shifts away from comprehension achieved or knowledge gained and towards the reader's personal experience.
(45) Reading speed is usually faster rather than slower.
When learners are reading material that is well within their linguistic ability, for personal interest, and for general rather than academic purposes, it is an incentive to reading fluency.
We hope that these principles will give teachers food for thought and reflection as they consider their beliefs about how best to help their students become proficient foreign-language readers.

A.
P.
B.
Q.
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What is the best way to break up a boring moment and tension in the office? How does one develop one's sense of humor?
As people are fed up with lots of things in the workplace, it's healthy to create those humorous feelings. In fact, many companies now have humor rooms. In a dull moment, you may tell a funny story about something that you did. In general, real events are funnier than invented jokes. You may also show your boss or coworkers some business articles about humor—The Wall Street Journal and other publications have several such stories. Anything that makes you laugh—in print or on tape. But don't just be a consumer of humor—be a producer, too.
Start with humor and some funny stories that happened to you. The most important thing at work is to find someone who appreciates your humor. When you can laugh, somehow things don't feel so hopeless. The best humor accepts the unexpected side of things. Creativity is also strongly linked to humor. One of the exercises is to list 25 improvements for the standard. It's amazing how quickly people start to laugh as they think creatively and go for the unexpected. For example, 'How about glass walls with huge fish behind them? '
Management studies show that people with a good sense of humor are more likely to have raises and go further in companies than humorless people. Actually, humor is especially useful as a social lubricant (润滑剂) —in criticisms, complaints, etc. Humor reduces the threat and tension in any situation. Please put more humors in your work.
Many companies provide______and keep magazines with funny stories to help remove the tension of their employees.

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B.
Many
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判断题

会计人员工作调动或离职，必须办理交接手续，移交人对已移交的会计资料无需承担相应责任。( )

参考答案：错

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判断题

依据我国会计法的规定，单位领导的直系亲属不得担任本单位会计机构负责人，会计机构负责人的直系亲属也不得在本单位任出纳工作。( )

参考答案：对

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判断题

任何人只需具备所从事会计工作的知识和技能就能从事会计工作。( )

参考答案：错

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判断题

任何企业都必须设置总会计师。( )

参考答案：错

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判断题

企业应设置会计机构或在有关机构中设置会计人员，并指定会计主管人员。( )

参考答案：对

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判断题

在会计人员配备过程中，企业可根据规模大小、会计机构和会计岗位的设置情况等，一人一岗、一人多岗或一岗多人，但不相容岗位不得由同一个人担任。( )

参考答案：对

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判断题

会计工作是会计人员的职责，也是一种专业性很强的工作，因此会计工作应全部由会计人员承担。( )

参考答案：错

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