Linguistic forms having the same sense may have different references in different situations while linguistic forms with the same reference always have the same sense.

“The student” in the sentence “The student liked the linguistic lecture.”，and “The linguistic lecture” in the sentence “The linguistic lecture liked the student.”belong to the same syntactic category.

A compound is the combination of only two words.

In English， long vowels are also tense vowels because when we pronounce a long vowel such as/i：/，the larynx is in a state of tension.

In the history of any language the writing system always came into being before the spoken form.

In order to acquire a second language， learners will subconsciously use their first language knowledge in learning a second language. This is know as language t（）.

The brain’s neurological specialization for language is called linguistic I （）， which is specific to human beings.

In many societies of the world， we find a large number of people who speak more than one language. As a characteristic of societies， b（） inevitably results from the coming into contact of people with different cultures and different languages.

Phonological rules may move phonemes from one place in the string to another. For example， Modern English verb ask was Old English askian， with the /k/preceding the/s/.Sound change as a result of sound movement is known as m（）.

While the meaning of a sentence is abstract and decontextualized， that of an u（） is concrete and context-dependent.