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With so much focus on children’s use of screens, it’s easy for parents to forget about the

ir own screen use. “Tech is designed to really suck on you in,” says Jenny Radesky in her study of digital play, “and digital products are there to promote maximal engagement. It makes it hard to disengage, and leads to a lot of bleed-over into the family routine. ”Radesky has studied the use of mobile phones and tablets at mealtimes by giving mother-child pairs a food-testing exercise. She found that mothers who sued devices during the exercise started 20 percent fewer verbal and 39 percent fewer nonverbal interactions with their children. During a separate observation, she saw that phones became a source of tension in the family. Parents would be looking at their emails while the children would be making excited bids for their attention.
Infants are wired to look at parents’ faces to try to understand their world, and if those faces are blank and unresponsive—as they often are when absorbed in a device—it can be extremely disconcerting foe the children. Radesky cites the “still face experiment” devised by developmental psychologist Ed Tronick in the 1970s. In it, a mother is asked to interact with her child in a normal way before putting on a blank expression and not giving them any visual social feedback; The child becomes increasingly distressed as she tries to capture her mother’s attention. “Parents don’t have to be exquisitely parents at all times, but there needs to be a balance and parents need to be responsive and sensitive to a child’s verbal or nonverbal expressions of an emotional need,” says Radesky.
On the other hand, Tronick himself is concerned that the worries about kids’ use of screens are born out of an “oppressive ideology that demands that parents should always be interacting” with their children: “It’s based on a somewhat fantasized, very white, very upper-middle-class ideology that says if you’re failing to expose your child to 30,000 words you are neglecting them.” Tronick believes that just because a child isn’t learning from the screen doesn’t mean there’s no value to it—particularly if it gives parents time to have a shower, do housework or simply have a break from their child. Parents, he says, can get a lot out of using their devices to speak to a friend or get some work out of the way. This can make them feel happier, which lets then be more available to their child the rest of the time.
26. According to Jenny Radesky, digital products are designed to ______.
A.simplify routine matters
B.absorb user attention
C.better interpersonal relations
D.increase work efficiency
The oppressive ideology mentioned by Tronick requires parents to_______.A.protect kids from exposure to wild fantasies
B.teach their kids at least 30,000 words a year
C.ensure constant interaction with their children
D.remain concerned about kid’s use of screens
Radesky’s food-testing exercise shows that mothers’ use of devices ______.A.takes away babies’ appetite
B.distracts children’s attention
C.slows down babies’ verbal development
D.reduces mother-child communication
According to Tronick, kid’s use of screens may_______.A.give their parents some free time
B.make their parents more creative
C.help them with their homework
D.help them become more attentive
Radesky’s cites the “still face experiment” to show that _______.A.it is easy for children to get used to blank expressions
B.verbal expressions are unnecessary for emotional exchange
C.children are insensitive to changes in their parents’ mood
D.parents need to respond to children’s emotional needs
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Once a chief (酋长)told a servant(仆人)to go to the market. "Bring me the best piece of meat that is sold in the___26___ .’’said the chief.

The servant ___27___ at once and ran to the market. The chief was surprised when the servant came ___28___ with thetongue of a cow.
It didn’t seem to be good to ___29___? Yet when it was prepared by the ___30___, the chief was satisfied. The meat was truly ___31___? It was quite pleasing to eat. The chief called the servant to him again. &39;
The tongue was ___32___ wonderful. Now go to the market again and___33___ me the worst piece of meat that is sold there.” The servant obeyed once again. He ran ___34___ to the market. Soon he came back ___35___ a piece of meat thatlooked like the first. The chief was astonished that the servant once again brought him a tongue from another ___36___?
“What is this?” asked the chief, “When I asked you to fetch me the best piece of meat, you brought me the tongue. When I asked for the worst one, you brought me another tongue. Are you ___37___ me? ”
The servant answered, “The tongue can be ___38___ or ugly, It can be sweet or bitter. It ___39___ the words and soundsthat arc heard by the ___40___? If a person words are kind and sweet, the tongue is at its best. It is delicious to the car. The___41___ of the tongue bring happiness. If the words we say are rude and sharp, they can be hurtful and ___42___. They canbring sadness and ___43___
“Thank you,” said the chief. “Your words are wise,” Then he said to his people, “May the words of all of us be ___44___and delicious to all who ___45___ them.”
26__________
A.country
B.village
C.market
D.city
27A.replied
B.cried
C.escaped
D.obeyed
28A.out
B.back
C.down
D.along
29A.eat
B.sell
C.smell
D.touch
30A.villagers
B.women
C.children
D.cooks
31A.clean
B.delicious
C.big
D.strange
32A.really
B.merely
C.usually
D.slightly
33A.lend
B.tell
C.offer
D.bring
34A.suddenly
B.sadly
C.quickly
D.regularly
35A.carrying
B.cutting
C.eating
D.pulling
36A.sheep
B.horse
C.duck
D.cow
37A.teaching
B.pleasing
C.fooling
D.helping
38A.beautiful
B.useful
C.expensive
D.interesting
39A.asks for
B.lives on
C.depends on
D.looks for
40A.chief
B.listener
C.servant
D.seller
41A.sounds
B.colors
C.roots
D.shapes
42A.difficult
B.meaningful
C.bitter
D.true
43A.pity
B.pain
C.wonder
D.effect
44A.special
B.right
C.funny
D.sweet
45A.read
B.hear
C.speak
D.write
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Experts say distracted walking is a growing problem, as people of all ages become more dep

endent on electronic devices for personal and professional matters. They also note pedestrian deaths have been rising in recent years. In 2005, 11% of all US deaths involved pedestrians, but that number rose to 15% inThe rise in deaths coincides with states introducing bills that target pedestrians. Some states, such as Hawaii, Arkansas, Illinois, Nevada and New York, continue to introduce legislation every year.
The measure recently introduced by New Jersey assembly woman Pamela Lampitt would ban walking while texting and prohibit pedestrians on public roads from using electronic communication devices unless they are hands-free. Violators would face fines of up to $50, 15-day imprisonment or both, which is the same penalty as jaywalking(乱穿马路). Half of the fine would be allocated to safety education about the dangers of walking while texting, said Lampit.
Some see the proposal as an unnecessary government overreach, while others say they understand Lampitt&39;s reasoning. But most agree that people need to be made aware of the issue. "Distracted pedestrians, like distracted drivers, present a potential danger to themselves and drivers on the road," Lampitt said. "An individual crossing the road distracted by their smartphone presents just as much danger to motorists as someone jaywalking and should be held, at minimum, to the same penalty."
The main question raised about the measure, though, is whether it can be enforced consistently by police officers who usually have more pressing matters to deal with. Some feel that rather than imposing a new law, the state should focus on distracted-walking education. Lampitt said the measure is needed to stop and penalize "risky behavior." She cited a National Safety Council report that showed distracted-walking incidents involving cellphones accounted for an estimated 11,101 injuries from 2000 through 2011.
The study found a majority of those injured were female and most were 40 or younger. Talking on the phone was the most prevalent activity at the time of injury, while texting accounted for 12%. Nearly 80% of the injuries occurred as the result of a fall, while 9% occurred from the pedestrian striking a motionless object.
36.This passage is mainly concerned with _____
A.the difficulty in enforcing road regulations
B.rising deaths caused by distracted walking
C.the dangers of jaywalking on busy streets
D.distracted walking involving smartphones
The states introducing bills that target pedestrians ________.A.have benefited from the bills
B.find it hard to carry them out
C.have been promoting the legislation
D.will have fewer deaths of pedestrians
According to the measure proposed by Lampitt, walking while texting would ______.A.become illegal
B.involve safety education
C.be blamed publicly
D.incur a fine of over $50
Lampitt reasons that distracted pedestrians are as dangerous as ________.A.motorists
B.speeding drivers
C.jaywalkers
D.drunk drivers
Which of the following would the author of the passage most probably agree with?A.Males are more vulnerable to distracted-walking injures.
B.Police officers are unhappy with the proposed law.
C.Safety education is more important than penalty.
D.Rising distracted-walking incidents call for real attention.
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