单项选择题
Literacy Volunteer
Last summer I went through a training program and became a literacy volunteer （扫盲志愿者）. The training I received， though excellent， did not tell me how it was to work with a real student， however. When I began to discover what other people's lives were like because they could not read， I realized the true importance of reading.
My first student Jane was a 44-year-old single mother of three. In the first lesson， I found out she walked two miles to the nearest supermarket twice a week because she didn't know which bus to take. When I told her I would get her a bus schedule， she told me it would not help because she could not read it. She said she also had difficulty once she got to the supermarket because she couldn't always remember what she needed. Since she did not know words， she could not write out a shopping list. Also， she could only recognize items by their labels. As a result， if the product had a different label， she would not recognize it as the product she wanted.
As we worked together， learning how to read built Jane's self-confidence， which encouraged her to continue in her studies. She began to make rapid progress and was even able to take the bus to the supermarket. After this successful trip， she reported how self-confident she felt. At the end of the program， she began helping her youngest son， Tony， a shy first grader， with his reading. She sat with him before he went to sleep and together they would read bedtime stories. When his eyes became wide with excitement as she read pride was written all over her face， and she began to see how her own hard work in learning to read paid off. As she described this experience， I was proud of myself， too. I found that helping Jane to build her self-confidence was more rewarding than anything I had ever done before.
As a literacy volunteer， I learned a great deal about teaching and helping others. In fact， I may have learned more from the experience than Jane did.
单项选择题
Melissa Poe
Melissa Poe was 9 years old when she （31） a campaign for a cleaner environment by writing a letter to the then President Bush. Through her own efforts， her letter was reproduced on over 250 donated billboards （广告牌） （32） the country.
The response to her plea help was so （33） that Poe established Kids For A Cleaner Environment（Kids F.A.C.E.）in 1989. There are now 300，000 （34） of Kids F.A.C. E. worldwide and is the worlds largest youth environmental organization.
Poe has also petitioned the National Park Service to （35） a "Children's Forest" project in every national park. In 1992， she was invited as one of only six children in the world to speak at the Earth Summit in Brazil as part of the Voices of the Future Program. In 1993， she was given a Caring Award for her （36） by the Caring Institute.
Since the organization started， Kids F. A. C. B. members have distributed and planted over 1 million， trees! Ongoing tree-planting projects include the （37） of Kid's Yards-backyard wildlife habitats（栖息地） -and Kid F.A. C. E. is involved in the exciting Earth Odyssey， which is a great way to start helping.
"Starting the club （38） out to be a way to help people get involved with the environment -club members started doing things like recycling， picking up litter and planting trees as well as inviting other kids to join their club."
"We try to tell kids that it's not OK to be lazy，" she explains."You need to start being a responsible， environmentally （39）person now， right away， （40）you become a resource-sucking adult.”
单项选择题
Majored Finance
An increase in students （11）to study economics at university is being attributed to （归因于）the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge about how the（12）system works.
Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15% this January， according to UCAS， the
Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A（13）for the Royal Economic Society said applications to do economics at A-level were also up.
Professor John Beath， the president of the society and a leading lecturer at St Andrews University， said his first-year lectures—which are open to students from all departments—were （14）crowds of 400， rather than the usual 250.
"There are a large number of students who are not （15）majors， who would like to learn something about it. One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary （16）in a way that one hasn't traditionally done，" he added.
University applications rose 7% last year. But there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump， with people's renewed interest in （17）in the public sector （部门） ，which are seen as more secure in economic crisis.
A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents （18）schools should do more to teach pupils about financial
matters， and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on， although a （19）of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain.
Zack Hocking， the head of child trust funds， said： "It's possible that one good thing to（20）from the downturn will be a generation that's financially wiser and better equipped to manage their money through times of economic uncertainty."
单项选择题
True Friendship
Young adult filmmakers all hope to show their works in international festivals like Sundance and Toronto. But what about really young filmmakers who aren't in film school yet and aren't， strictly speaking， even adults？
They are at the heart of Wingspan Arts Kids Film Festival， tomorrow， in a setting any director might envy： Lincoln Center. Complete with "red carpet" interviews and various awards， the festival has much in common with events for more experienced moviemakers， except for the age of the participants： about 8 to 18.
"What's really exciting is that it's film for kids by kids，" said Cori Gardner， managing director of Wingspan Arts， a
nonprofit organization offering youth programs in the New York area. This year the festival will include films not only from Wingspan but also from other city organizations and one from a middle school in Arlington， Virginia."We want to make this a national event."Ms. Gardner added.
The nine shorts to be shown range from a Claymation biography of B. B. King to a science fiction adventure set in the year 3005. "A lot of the material is really mature，" Ms. Gardner said， talking about films by the New York City branch of Global Action Project， a media arts and leadership-training group. "The Choice is about the history of a family and Master Anti-Smoker is about the angers of second-hand smoke."Dream of the Invisibles describes young immigrants'（移民）feelings of both belonging and not belonging in their adopted country.
The festival will end with an open reception at which other films will be shown. These include a music video and a full-length film whose title is Pressures.
单项选择题
Advertising to Children
（1） Not only are they easily swayed by advertising， they are also persuasive in encouraging their parents to buy a product. If a child wants something in their kid's locker， they will prod and annoy their parents until they get what they want.（2）All it takes is a little suggestion from a single advertisement to send them on their way.
（3） In a campaign entitled "Kids are the Star"， its employees were encouraged to pay special attention to children and to make sure they had a positive experience while eating at its restaurants. The reason for this， naturally， was not that the McDonald's corporation cared deeply about the well-being of children everywhere， but that the pester-power that children have is extraordinarily effective at bringing their parents back for more visits.
The way that advertisers target children is simple big， bright lights， happy people and animated characters are all that is needed to encourage children to think a certain product is something they want. （4）They do not realize that Ronald McDonald is just a guy in a Costum and make-up， and that behind the counter of every McDonald's is a bunch of kids working in uncomfortable conditions for low pay.
This poses a real moral dilemma for those who make the advertising decisions， or at least it should. （5）How do you say no to an opportunity to reach such a wide audience of children， who act as advertisers themselves when they encourage other children and their parents to buy a particular product？
