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The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R7】

答案： 正确答案：H
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McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R1】
答案： 正确答案：A
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McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R2】
答案： 正确答案：H
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St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R1】
答案： 正确答案：A
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The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R1】
答案： 正确答案：G
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St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R2】
答案： 正确答案：C
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R3】
答案： 正确答案：C
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R2】
答案： 正确答案：B
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R3】
答案： 正确答案：E
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R4】
答案： 正确答案：D
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R3】
答案： 正确答案：A
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R4】
答案： 正确答案：F
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R5】
答案： 正确答案：B
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R5】
答案： 正确答案：B
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R6】
答案： 正确答案：F
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R4】
答案： 正确答案：C
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R6】
答案： 正确答案：D
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R5】
答案： 正确答案：F
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R7】
答案： 正确答案：G
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R7】
答案： 正确答案：H
填空题

McDonald’s domestic troubles aren’t exactly new. Competitors, including Pizz Hut and Taco Bell, began nibbling at McDonald’s market share in the late eighties.【R1】______There’s even evidence that McDonald’s has been slipping in areas it once dominated. A 1995 Restaurants and Institutions Choice in Chains survey of 2849 adults gave McDonald’s low marks on food quality, value, service and cleanliness. 【R2】______ 【R3】______Put simply, because it could. After all, as a company, and a stock, McDonald’s is really an international story. Its global operations in 96 countries are the real attraction, feeding 47% of the company’s $30 billion sales and 54% of profits. 【R4】______ Brisk overseas business, however, has only magnified the chain’s U.S. blues. 【R5】______ McDonald’s started hawking Extra Value Meals in 1991, largely to keep up with Taco Bell’s value pricing.【R6】______and "the super-low price promotions weren’t driving customers into the store any longer," notes David Adelman, a Dean Witter Reynolds analyst. So the new, adult-oriented Deluxe line is not only supposed to win back older chowhounds; it’s also aimed at bumping prices back up.【R7】______it’s a lot of pressure to put on a bunch of burgers, especially given the problems McDonald’s has had expanding its menus in recent years. At least some industry experts question whether McDonald’s may be making a fundamental marketing mistake with its new emphasis on adult customers. 【R8】______ A. And within the burger segment, where growth in the nineties has slowed to about 5% annually, Arch reveals like Burger King have managed sales gains for three years running B. McDonald’s found that discounting — a tactic the company tried reluctantly — failed to revive per-store sales. C. So why did McDonald’s wait so long to attack its domestic problem head-on. D. For the most part, McDonald’s has those unsatiated foreign appetites to thank for its 126 consecutive quarters of record earnings. E. There is a chance, after all, that the "grownup" theme — including commercial that show kids grimacing at the sight of an Arch Deluxe — could backfire. F. But by mid-1995, the value concept had evolved to straight discounting. G. The chicken, fish, and beef sandwiches cost about 20% more than "classic menu" items. H. Top honors instead went to Wendy’s.【R8】
答案： 正确答案：E
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R6】
答案： 正确答案：D
填空题

St. Paul didn’t like it.【R1】______Hesiod declared it "mischievous" and "hard to get rid of it", but Oscar Wilder said, "Gossip is charming." "History is merely gossip," he wrote in one of his famous plays. " But scandal is gossip made tedious by morality." In times past, under Jewish law, gossipmongers might be fined or flogged. The Puritans put them in stocks or ducking stools, but no punishment seemed to have the desired effect of preventing gossip, which has continued uninterrupted across the back fences of the centuries. 【R2】______Psychologists, sociologists, philosophers, even evolutionary biologists are concluding that gossip may not be so bad after all. Gossip is " an intrinsically valuable activity," philosophy professor Aaron Ben-Ze’ev states in a book he has edited, entitled Good Gossip. For one thing, gossip helps us acquire information that we need to know that doesn’t come through ordinary channels, such as: "What was the real reason so-and-so was fired from the office"【R3】______It is "a kind of sharing" that also "satisfies the tribal need — namely, the need to belong to and be accepted by a unique group." 【R4】______ Another gossip groupie, Dr. Ronald De Sousa, a professor of philosophy at the University of Toronto, describes gossip basically as a form of indiscretion and a "saintly virtue", by which he means that the knowledge spread by gossip will usually end up being slightly beneficial. 【R5】______ Still, everybody knows that gossip can have its ill effects, especially on the poor wretch being gossiped about. 【R6】______ By the way, there is also an interesting strain of gossip called medical gossip, which in its best form, according to researchers Jerry M. Suls and Franklin Goodkin, can motivate people with symptoms of serious illness, but who are unaware of it, to seek medical help. 【R7】______But remember, if(as often is the case among gossipers)you should suddenly become one of the gossipees instead, it is best to employ the foolproof defense recommended by Plato, who may have learned the lesson from Socrates, who as you know was the victim of gossip spread that he was corrupting the youth of Athens: When men speak ill of thee, so live that nobody will believe them. 【R8】______ A. Moses warned his people against it. B. "It seems likely that a world in which all information were universally available would be preferable to a world where immense power resides in the control of secrets," he writes. C. Today, however, the much-maligned human foible is being looked at in a different light. D. And people should refrain from certain kinds of gossip that might be harmful, even though the ducking stool is long out of fashion. E. Gossip also is a form of social bonding, Dr. Ben-Ze’ev says. F. What’s more, the professor notes, "Gossip is enjoyable." G. Or, as Will Rogers said, "Live so that you wouldn’t be ashamed to sell the family parrot to the town gossip." H. So go ahead and gossip.【R8】
答案： 正确答案：G
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R7】
答案： 正确答案：H
填空题

The basic problem of an economic society is to allocate resources among the members of the society so as to maximize the welfare of the society as a whole.【R1】______But what is the mechanism which seeks to achieve this objective In a planned economy the central planning agency develops plans for allocating resources.【R2】______That is, prices furnish the guideposts that indicate how resources should be used. Prices determine what products and services should be produced and in what amounts.【R3】______And prices determine for whom the products and services should be produced. Thus, prices affect incomes and spending behaviour.【R4】______For the consumer with a given income level, prices influence what to buy and how much of each product to buy. Price changes also play a major role in a market economy.【R5】______If costs remain the same per unit sold, the higher price leads to greater profits and an incentive to invest in resources to produce even greater quantities of the product.【R6】______In addition, higher prices may also stimulate a greater rate of innovation and the development of new technology. On the other hand, if available supply is greater than demand there are pressures to decrease prices and reduce output.【R7】______Thus, rising prices direct resources to the bidder of greatest desire(stimulating supply), and rising prices curtail demands of the least urgent bidders(rationing supply). 【R8】______ A. Prices determine how these products and services should be produced. B. In a market economy the price system allocates resources. C. For business people, profits are determined by the difference between their revenues and their costs; and their revenues are determined by multiplying price per unit sold by the number of units sold. D. Thus, the producers are able to bid more for raw material resources, thereby directing these resources into that industry. E. Declining prices have the opposite effects. F. When demand for a product or service is greater than the supply available, buyers bid the price up. G To achieve this welfare objective each resource should be used to perform the function that it contributes most efficiently to society. H. These pressures lead producers to convert their resources to alternative uses.【R8】
答案： 正确答案：E
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