A person who prefers grays and blues i...

Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the united States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people"s lives. It alters people"s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.According to the author American television is poor in quality because ______.

A．advertisers are interested in experimenting with new ideas
B．it is still at an early stage of development, compared with the radio
C．the programs have to be developed in the interests of the sponsors for economic reasons
D．it is controlled by radio companies

单项选择题

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it "foreign" to any.
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country"s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea"s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.The fundamental rule of the sea means that ______.

A．the sea should be equally divided among all the nations in the world
B．any area of the sea belongs to the nation closest to it
C．no nation has any sea rights
D．no nation has exclusive right to the open sea

单项选择题

Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the united States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people"s lives. It alters people"s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.The second paragraph is mainly about ______.

A．TV as the sustainer of American life
B．TV as the major transmitter of culture
C．the educational effect of TV on society
D．the strong influence and the poor quality of American TV

单项选择题

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it "foreign" to any.
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country"s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea"s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.The Americans" claim to the seals was based on ______.

A．the idea that the seals coming to American shores were American property
B．the idea that they were international arbitrators
C．the fact that the United States had purchased all the waters of Alaska
D．the fact that the United States had special rights for open-sea areas

单项选择题

Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the united States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people"s lives. It alters people"s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.In the author"s view American TV should ______.

A．be critical but entertaining
B．be creative and educational
C．change with the development of society
D．attract as many viewers as possible

单项选择题

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it "foreign" to any.
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country"s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea"s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.International arbitrators decided that ______.

A．Canada had no right to hunt seals of Alaska
B．the Canadians could hunt the seals outside Alaskan territorial waters
C．the United States could claim the seals as its property
D．the Americans could not hunt the seals

单项选择题

There isn"t any question about Washington"s greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.
I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn"t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After he"d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldn"t take it any more, and he quit.Basically the author"s opinion of Washington is ______.

A．praiseful
B．derogatory
C．critical
D．negative

单项选择题

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it "foreign" to any.
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country"s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea"s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.In peacetime, nations may acquire special rights on open waters by ______.

A．an agreement with the strongest naval powers
B．the decisions of international arbitrators
C．international agreements
D．negotiations with those who own the areas

单项选择题

Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the united States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people"s lives. It alters people"s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.The author believes that television in the United States has become important to most people because ______.

A．it promotes family unity
B．it helps them develop their speaking ability
C．it affects their life in many ways
D．it challenges society

单项选择题

There isn"t any question about Washington"s greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.
I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn"t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After he"d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldn"t take it any more, and he quit.Washington"s administration had been a ______.

A．failure
B．success
C．good example followed by other presidents
D．miracle

单项选择题

As protector of her family"s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand: salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油) were basic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.According to the passage, why were doctors in the West sometimes unable to help their patients

A．They did not know how to treat the unfamiliar illnesses.
B．They knew little about medicine.
C．They were not genuine doctors.
D．They were often overcome by diseases.

单项选择题

Television has changed the life style of people in every industrialized country in the world. In the united States, where sociologists have studied the effects, some interesting observations have been made.
Television, although not essential, has become an important part of most people"s lives. It alters people"s ways of seeing the world; in many ways, it supports and sustains modern life. Television has become a baby-sitter, an introducer of conversations, the major transmitter or culture, a keeper of tradition. Yet when what can be seen on TV in one day is critically analyzed, it becomes evident that television is not a teacher but a sustainer: the poor quality of programming does not elevate (提高) people into greater understanding, but rather maintains and encourages the life as it exists.
The primary reason for the lack of quality in American television is related to both the history of TV programming development and the economics of TV. Television in America began with the radio. Radio companies and their sponsors first experimented with television. Therefore, the close relationship which the advertisers had with radio programs became the system for American TV. Sponsors not only paid money for time within programs, but many actually produced the programs. Thus, in American society, television is primarily concerned with reflecting and attracting society rather than experimenting with new ideas. Advertisers want to attract the largest viewing audience possible. To do so requires that the programs be entertaining rather than educational, attractive rather than challenging.
Television in America today remains, to a large extent, with the same organization and standards as it had thirty years ago. The hope for further development and true achievement toward improving society will require a change in the entire system.The author"s attitude towards American television is ______.

A．critical
B．praising
C．doubtful
D．sympathetic

单项选择题

The sea is the common property of all nations. It belongs equally to all. None can appropriate it exclusively to themselves; nor is it "foreign" to any.
This was the decision of John Marshall, chief justice of the United States from 1801 to 1835. It was stated as a fundamental rule of the sea that no one, and therefore everyone, owns the ocean. This means that outside territorial waters (the waters within three miles of a country"s coast), the law is whatever nations agree on in peacetime and whatever the strongest naval powers can enforce in wartime.
After the United States purchased Alaska, Americans began to seize Canadians who were hunting seals outside Alaskan territorial waters. The Americans claimed that the seals were American property because they often came in to the Alaskan shores owned by the United States. International arbitrators disagreed with this reasoning. In some cases, however, the special rights of a nation that makes use of an open-sea area are recognized.
All of the sea"s rules of the road are established by international conferences and treaties.The main idea of this passage is that ______.

A．the law of the sea was stated by John Marshall
B．some nations are able to acquire special open sea rights
C．every nation owns its territorial waters
D．the laws of the sea are established by international agreement

单项选择题

There isn"t any question about Washington"s greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.
I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn"t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After he"d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldn"t take it any more, and he quit.Washington"s greatness showed itself in that ______.

A．Washington worked under the Continental Congress
B．Washington limited his role to being administrators of the laws
C．Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader
D．Washington established the precedent of the two-term Presidency

单项选择题

As protector of her family"s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand: salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油) were basic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.Which of the following can be inferred from the passage about patent medicines

A．They were not available.
B．Few doctors knew how to use them.
C．They did not work very well.
D．The merchants who sold them were reliable.

单项选择题

There isn"t any question about Washington"s greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.
I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn"t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After he"d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldn"t take it any more, and he quit.What"s the author"s attitude toward Washington"s two-term Presidency

A．He thinks Washington made a mistake by doing so.
B．He thinks that Washington had a good personal reason for doing so.
C．He thinks that Washington was too selfish in doing so.
D．Both A and B.

单项选择题

As protector of her family"s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand: salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油) were basic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.It can be inferred that most of the pioneers referred to in the passage were originally from ______ in the United States.

A．the desert
B．the West
C．the state of Mississippi
D．the East

单项选择题

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学) factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.Which one of the following statements would supporters of the "nature" theory agree with

A．A person"s instincts have little effect on his action.
B．Environment is important in determining a person"s behavior and personality.
C．Biological reasons have a strong influence on how we act.
D．The behaviorists" view correctly explains how we act.

单项选择题

There isn"t any question about Washington"s greatness. If his administration had been a failure, there would have been no United States. He had all the background that caused him to know how to make it work, because he had worked under the Continental Congress. Some Presidents have limited their roles to being administrators of the laws without being leaders. But Washington was both a great administrator and a great leader.
I guess in fact, that the only anti-Washington thing I can say is that he made a mistake when he established the precedent of the two-term President and even there he had a good personal reason for wanting that, at least for himself. He was attacked viciously by the press of his day; he was called so many terrible things that he told friends even during his first term that he wasn"t going to run again. But Thomas Jefferson and James Madison and Alexander Hamilton persuaded him to go ahead and serve a second term and finally he did. After he"d gotten through his second term, though, he made up his mind that he just wouldn"t take it any more, and he quit.Which of the following is NOT TRUE

A．Washington was very popular with the press of his day.
B．Washington was persuaded to serve the second term.
C．Washington contributed much to the establishment of the United States.
D．Washington"s greatness is undoubted.

单项选择题

As protector of her family"s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand: salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油) were basic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.As used in Line 3, Para 2, the word "cousins" refers to ______.

单项选择题

While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe "tests don"t tell the whole story."
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student"s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year"s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student"s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student"s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered Should we simply take the student"s word for it Any institution that "liberates" students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the "graduates" of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparisons with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.Which of the following will the author of this passage agree with

A．Tests are not effective in measuring the students" abilities.
B．Tests are an effective measure of the students" abilities.
C．Tests can only measure some of the students" abilities.
D．Tests may not be useful for measuring students" abilities.

单项选择题

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学) factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.Which one of the following statements would proponents of the "nurture" theory agree with

A．A person"s character is greatly influenced by his environment.
B．Behaviorist theory is not correct.
C．Biologically based instincts are important in how we act.
D．Environment has little to do with behavior.

单项选择题

As protector of her family"s health, the pioneer woman confronted situations she never imagined before crossing the Mississippi. Few women came West prepared to deal with desert sunburn, rattlesnake bites, or arrow wounds. Even when doctors were available, they were often no more knowledgeable than their patients. And most patent medicines were no more reliable than the traveling merchants who sold them.
In certain cases, a woman could draw upon the folk wisdom and remedies she had learned back home. Western mosquitoes, for example, proved to be as repelled by a paste of vinegar and salt as were their Eastern cousins. More often, however, a woman was guided only by her own skill in preparing tonics, powders, poisons, and polishes from whatever she had at hand: salt made a passable toothpaste; gunpowder was applied to warts(瘤), and turpentine to open cuts; goose grease, skunk oil, and the ever-present lard(猪油) were basic liniments(擦剂); medicinal teas and tonics were made from sunflower seeds and roots.It can be inferred from the passage that in order to survive in the West the pioneer had to be ______.

A．sincere
B．friendly
C．resourceful
D．hard-working

单项选择题

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学) factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.B.F. Skinner ______.

A．supports the nature theory
B．believes in the importance of genes in determining personality
C．thinks the environment plays an important role in determining character
D．believes instincts govern behavior

单项选择题

While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe "tests don"t tell the whole story."
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student"s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year"s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student"s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student"s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered Should we simply take the student"s word for it Any institution that "liberates" students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the "graduates" of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparisons with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.The two writers mentioned in the first paragraph ______.

A．opposed judging students by the results of exams
B．must have proposed other ways of testing students
C．regarded exams as a way of punishing students
D．seemed to be worried about the poor marks of their students

单项选择题

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学) factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.Concerning the nature/nurture controversy, the writer of this article ______.

A．supports the nature theory
B．supports the nurture theory
C．believes both are completely wrong
D．thinks that the correct explanation of human behavior will take ideas from both theories

单项选择题

While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe "tests don"t tell the whole story."
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student"s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year"s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student"s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student"s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered Should we simply take the student"s word for it Any institution that "liberates" students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the "graduates" of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparisons with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.According to the writer, a student"s final mark ______.

A．is often encouraging
B．often gives a fair picture of the year"s work
C．often proves unreliable
D．often tells whether he likes the subject or not

单项选择题

While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe "tests don"t tell the whole story."
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student"s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year"s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student"s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student"s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered Should we simply take the student"s word for it Any institution that "liberates" students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the "graduates" of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparisons with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.If a student graduated from a university which does not require exams he would ______.

A．have to continue his studies
B．have a feeling of failure
C．be incompetent
D．not be admitted by foreign institutions

单项选择题

People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviors are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.
Social scientists are, of course, extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from one another, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often referred to as "nature/nurture".
Those who support the "nature" side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological and genetics(遗传学) factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics, and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts.
Proponents of the "nurture" theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claimed that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists" view of the human being is quite mechanistic; they maintain that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli(刺激) as the basis of their behavior.
Either of these theories cannot yet fully explain human behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes. That the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.In the United States, Black people often score below White people on intelligence tests. With this in mind, which one of the following statements is NOT TRUE

A．Nature proponents would say that Whites are genetically superior to Blacks.
B．Supporters of the nature theory would say that Whites score well because they have a superior environment.
C．Behaviorists would say that Black often lack the educational and environmental advantages that Whites enjoy.
D．Nurture proponents would disagree that Blacks are biologically inferior to Whites.

单项选择题

While a new school term is about to begin, perhaps we should reconsider the matter of examinations. In July, two writers (Letters to the Editor) praised the cancellation of exams because they believe "tests don"t tell the whole story."
As a teacher who has worked in four countries, I have had the experience that a student who earns good marks is generally a good student, and that a student"s final mark in a subject is usually a grade average of the year"s work. Of course there are exceptions, but they do not have the frequency that would give an unfair picture of a student"s ability.
The simple fact is that proper class work, diligent exam studies and good marks are almost certain indicators of a student"s future performance. The opposite, almost certainly, incompetence.
There is no acceptable substitute for competition and examination of quality. How can teachers and future officials determine what a student has learned and remembered Should we simply take the student"s word for it Any institution that "liberates" students from fair and formal exams is misguided, if not ignorant. And surely the "graduates" of such institutions will lack trustworthiness, not to mention being rejected by foreign universities for graduate or other studies.
When all is said and done, I sense that a fear of failure and a fear of unpleasant comparisons with others is at the bottom of most ban-exams talk. Excellence and quality fear nothing. On the contrary, they seek competition and desire the satisfaction of being the best.According to the article, those who dislike the idea of examinations are probably afraid of ______.

A．competing with other students
B．being graded unfairly
C．working too hard
D．being dismissed from school

单项选择题

What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, red If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we don"t choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn"t 3 look red and 4 yellow At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pink—or may be light blue And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs "blues"
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day—or your life—with a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don"t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.A person who prefers grays and blues is likely to be ______.

A．a leader
B．an optimist
C．a follower
D．a psychologist

单项选择题

As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict them. First of all, they know that quakes are likely to occur in areas where the tectonic plates (地层地壳板块) push against each other. They study these areas closely, using different instruments. They measure the vibrations of the earth with seismographs (地震仪), which record on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale (里希特震级仪) named after a famous seismologist(地震学家), for these measurements. When an earthquake measures over 4～5 on the Richter scale, it is strong enough to cause damage. Scientists have determined that an area is not likely to have a large earthquake when many small quakes have been occurring. When the small quakes stop, then pressure builds and a strong quake is more likely.
There are several other ways to predict earthquakes. Scientists can measure the tiny changes in the tilt(倾斜) of the land that happen before earthquakes occur. Increases in the amount of radon(氡), a substance found in deep wells, as well as a higher level of water in the wells, can also mean that an earthquake is likely to occur. In addition, scientists have found that some animals, like dogs, behave strangely before an earthquake, they become nervous and howl(号叫). Seismologists have correctly predicted several earthquakes. In 1975, they said that an earthquake would occur in Liaoning Province, China, one month, and then one hour, before it happened. In 1978, Russian scientists predicted an earthquake in the Altai Mountains six hours before it occurred. However, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predicting is not yet perfected. Nothing on this earth is certain. Although people who live in California and Japan live with the possibility of a serious quake, perhaps the next strong earthquake will occur somewhere outside the "Ring of Fire".According to the information in Para. 1 seismograph is ______.

A．a computer like electronic instrument for predicting earthquakes
B．a special instrument for recording and measuring the vibrations of the earth
C．an instrument which seismologists use to make studies on the causes of earthquakes
D．an instrument with which seismologists measure the pressure between tectonic plates

单项选择题

As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict them. First of all, they know that quakes are likely to occur in areas where the tectonic plates (地层地壳板块) push against each other. They study these areas closely, using different instruments. They measure the vibrations of the earth with seismographs (地震仪), which record on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale (里希特震级仪) named after a famous seismologist(地震学家), for these measurements. When an earthquake measures over 4～5 on the Richter scale, it is strong enough to cause damage. Scientists have determined that an area is not likely to have a large earthquake when many small quakes have been occurring. When the small quakes stop, then pressure builds and a strong quake is more likely.
There are several other ways to predict earthquakes. Scientists can measure the tiny changes in the tilt(倾斜) of the land that happen before earthquakes occur. Increases in the amount of radon(氡), a substance found in deep wells, as well as a higher level of water in the wells, can also mean that an earthquake is likely to occur. In addition, scientists have found that some animals, like dogs, behave strangely before an earthquake, they become nervous and howl(号叫). Seismologists have correctly predicted several earthquakes. In 1975, they said that an earthquake would occur in Liaoning Province, China, one month, and then one hour, before it happened. In 1978, Russian scientists predicted an earthquake in the Altai Mountains six hours before it occurred. However, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predicting is not yet perfected. Nothing on this earth is certain. Although people who live in California and Japan live with the possibility of a serious quake, perhaps the next strong earthquake will occur somewhere outside the "Ring of Fire".According to the passage, a large earthquake is most likely to occur in an area ______.

A．where a series of minor vibrations of the earth have been occurring
B．that is within the "Ring of Fire" but does not see any vibration of the earth
C．where many small vibrations of the earth have been occurring and then a calm period follows
D．where tectonic plates fit into each other properly

单项选择题

What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, red If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we don"t choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn"t 3 look red and 4 yellow At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pink—or may be light blue And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs "blues"
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day—or your life—with a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don"t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.The number of suicide attempts fell sharply after ______.

A．the bridge over the Thames River was repainted pink
B．the bridge over the Thames River was repainted green
C．the bridge over the Thames River had been repainted baby blue
D．the bridge over the Thames River had been repainted black

单项选择题

As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict them. First of all, they know that quakes are likely to occur in areas where the tectonic plates (地层地壳板块) push against each other. They study these areas closely, using different instruments. They measure the vibrations of the earth with seismographs (地震仪), which record on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale (里希特震级仪) named after a famous seismologist(地震学家), for these measurements. When an earthquake measures over 4～5 on the Richter scale, it is strong enough to cause damage. Scientists have determined that an area is not likely to have a large earthquake when many small quakes have been occurring. When the small quakes stop, then pressure builds and a strong quake is more likely.
There are several other ways to predict earthquakes. Scientists can measure the tiny changes in the tilt(倾斜) of the land that happen before earthquakes occur. Increases in the amount of radon(氡), a substance found in deep wells, as well as a higher level of water in the wells, can also mean that an earthquake is likely to occur. In addition, scientists have found that some animals, like dogs, behave strangely before an earthquake, they become nervous and howl(号叫). Seismologists have correctly predicted several earthquakes. In 1975, they said that an earthquake would occur in Liaoning Province, China, one month, and then one hour, before it happened. In 1978, Russian scientists predicted an earthquake in the Altai Mountains six hours before it occurred. However, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predicting is not yet perfected. Nothing on this earth is certain. Although people who live in California and Japan live with the possibility of a serious quake, perhaps the next strong earthquake will occur somewhere outside the "Ring of Fire".The following signs that show the coming of an earthquake are mentioned in the passage EXCEPT that ______.

A．the amount of radon in deep wells increases
B．the earth gives off flashes of light
C．the level of water in the wells rises
D．some animals become nervous and behave strangely

单项选择题

What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, red If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we don"t choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn"t 3 look red and 4 yellow At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pink—or may be light blue And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs "blues"
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day—or your life—with a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don"t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.Which of the following statements is TRUE about the French poet mentioned in the above passage

A．He always wrote the letter A in black.
B．"I am red" he wrote.
C．He wrote for himself that the letter U was always green.
D．He said that the letter A always suggested depression to him.

单项选择题

As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict them. First of all, they know that quakes are likely to occur in areas where the tectonic plates (地层地壳板块) push against each other. They study these areas closely, using different instruments. They measure the vibrations of the earth with seismographs (地震仪), which record on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale (里希特震级仪) named after a famous seismologist(地震学家), for these measurements. When an earthquake measures over 4～5 on the Richter scale, it is strong enough to cause damage. Scientists have determined that an area is not likely to have a large earthquake when many small quakes have been occurring. When the small quakes stop, then pressure builds and a strong quake is more likely.
There are several other ways to predict earthquakes. Scientists can measure the tiny changes in the tilt(倾斜) of the land that happen before earthquakes occur. Increases in the amount of radon(氡), a substance found in deep wells, as well as a higher level of water in the wells, can also mean that an earthquake is likely to occur. In addition, scientists have found that some animals, like dogs, behave strangely before an earthquake, they become nervous and howl(号叫). Seismologists have correctly predicted several earthquakes. In 1975, they said that an earthquake would occur in Liaoning Province, China, one month, and then one hour, before it happened. In 1978, Russian scientists predicted an earthquake in the Altai Mountains six hours before it occurred. However, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predicting is not yet perfected. Nothing on this earth is certain. Although people who live in California and Japan live with the possibility of a serious quake, perhaps the next strong earthquake will occur somewhere outside the "Ring of Fire".According to the passage, the earthquake occurred in China"s Liaoning Province in 1975 ______.

A．was twice predicted by seismologists
B．took all the people in the area by surprise
C．was followed by many small vibrations of the earth
D．was correctly predicted by Russian seismologists

单项选择题

What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, red If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we don"t choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn"t 3 look red and 4 yellow At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pink—or may be light blue And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs "blues"
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day—or your life—with a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don"t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.The songs of the sad jazz music get the name "blues" because ______.

A．the black people are sad
B．the blue color reminds one sadness
C．the black people like the songs
D．the blue color is sad

单项选择题

As scientists learn more about the causes of earthquakes, they become better able to predict them. First of all, they know that quakes are likely to occur in areas where the tectonic plates (地层地壳板块) push against each other. They study these areas closely, using different instruments. They measure the vibrations of the earth with seismographs (地震仪), which record on rolls of paper all movements, both large and small. Scientists usually use the Richter scale (里希特震级仪) named after a famous seismologist(地震学家), for these measurements. When an earthquake measures over 4～5 on the Richter scale, it is strong enough to cause damage. Scientists have determined that an area is not likely to have a large earthquake when many small quakes have been occurring. When the small quakes stop, then pressure builds and a strong quake is more likely.
There are several other ways to predict earthquakes. Scientists can measure the tiny changes in the tilt(倾斜) of the land that happen before earthquakes occur. Increases in the amount of radon(氡), a substance found in deep wells, as well as a higher level of water in the wells, can also mean that an earthquake is likely to occur. In addition, scientists have found that some animals, like dogs, behave strangely before an earthquake, they become nervous and howl(号叫). Seismologists have correctly predicted several earthquakes. In 1975, they said that an earthquake would occur in Liaoning Province, China, one month, and then one hour, before it happened. In 1978, Russian scientists predicted an earthquake in the Altai Mountains six hours before it occurred. However, not all earthquakes are predictable, and a system for predicting is not yet perfected. Nothing on this earth is certain. Although people who live in California and Japan live with the possibility of a serious quake, perhaps the next strong earthquake will occur somewhere outside the "Ring of Fire".Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage

A．Not all earthquakes are predictable although seismologists have correctly predicted some.
B．Seismology was fully developed now and earthquake prediction is always reliable.
C．No earthquake prediction is reliable since nothing on this earth is certain.
D．A system for predicting the earthquake is perfected, but prediction is not always correct.

单项选择题

What is your favorite color Do you like yellow, orange, red If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement. Do you prefer grays and blues Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be a pessimist(悲观主义者). This is what psychologists tell us. They tell us, among other facts, that we don"t choose our favorite color as we grow up—we are born with our preference. If you happen to love brown, you did so as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
Colors do influence our moods; there is no doubt about it. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one. On the other hand, black is depressing. A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides than any other bridge in the area—until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply; perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue.
We often associate a particular color with a piece of music, a book, a play, a person, a number, or a letter. Doesn"t 3 look red and 4 yellow At the beginning of this century a French poet wrote that for him the letter A was always black; E was white, I red, O blue, and U green. For someone else, U might be deep purple or lemon yellow. A tragic(悲观的) story makes you think of black, red, and gold, while love stories vary from red to pink—or may be light blue And why did the black American composers of sad jazz music call the songs "blues"
Remember, then, that if you feel low, you can always brighten your day—or your life—with a new shirt or a few cans of paint. And don"t forget that anyone can guess a lot about your personality when you choose a pair of socks or a lampshade.Which of the following do you think may best serve as the title of this passage

A．How Color Influences Mood
B．The Difference Between Color and Mood
C．Mood"s Influence on Color
D．Color"s Influence on Mona

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