问答题

Sociology is concerned with people and with the rules of behavior that structure the ways in which people interact. As one of the social sciences, sociology has much in common with psychology and anthropology.
The subject matter of social science inquiry is patterned social regularities. 4 A search for these regularities shows that most human behavior, from big and momentous acts to small and insignificant ones, is patterned.
All of the social sciences are interested in patterned regularities in human social behavior. The distinction among the social sciences is chiefly in the kinds of regularities of interest. Psychology occupies itself principally with patterns of learning, motivations and mental disorders. Because mental behavior also has a biological base, psychology is related to the natural science as well as the social. Anthropology has traditionally limited its inquiry to small, preliterate societies and has turned to focus on culture and cultured systems. The focus on such societies provides anthropologists with field laboratories in which they study many of the concerns of the other social sciences. 5 To the extent that anthropologists turn their attention to modern societies, there is little difference in the subject matter of anthropology and sociology; in many colleges and universities, they are in the same department. The chief differences continue to be in methodology and level of analysis.
Whatever their particular area of concern, all social sciences rely on the scientific method of inquiry. 6 This means they rely on critical and systematic examination of the evidence before reaching any conclusions and that they approached each research question from a position of moral neutrality. This scientific approach is what distinguishes the social sciences from journalism and other fields that comment on the condition.

答案：对这些规律的探寻表明，大多数的人类行为，无论是意义重大的还是无关紧要的，都是有规律可循的。

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问答题

By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder. In Scotland, in fact, there are no other snakes at all. The adder is also the only British snake with a poisonous bite. It can be found almost anywhere, but prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland there are no snakes at all.
Most people regard snake bites as fatal misfortune, but not all bites are serious, and very few are fatal. 1 Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs heroically, but mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself surgery and other unnecessary measures.
All snakes have small teeth, so it follows that all snakes can bite, but only the bite of the adder presents any danger. 2 British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feels threatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally or if you try to catch it or pick it up which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.
The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon several things, one of which is the body-weight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites than adults. A healthy person will also have better resistance against the poison. 3 Very few people actually die from snake bites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.

答案：有时，当非专业人员贸然进行了错误的自救治疗和其他不必要的急救措施时，会比蛇噬伤口本身的危险更严重。

问答题

Sociology is concerned with people and with the rules of behavior that structure the ways in which people interact. As one of the social sciences, sociology has much in common with psychology and anthropology.
The subject matter of social science inquiry is patterned social regularities. 4 A search for these regularities shows that most human behavior, from big and momentous acts to small and insignificant ones, is patterned.
All of the social sciences are interested in patterned regularities in human social behavior. The distinction among the social sciences is chiefly in the kinds of regularities of interest. Psychology occupies itself principally with patterns of learning, motivations and mental disorders. Because mental behavior also has a biological base, psychology is related to the natural science as well as the social. Anthropology has traditionally limited its inquiry to small, preliterate societies and has turned to focus on culture and cultured systems. The focus on such societies provides anthropologists with field laboratories in which they study many of the concerns of the other social sciences. 5 To the extent that anthropologists turn their attention to modern societies, there is little difference in the subject matter of anthropology and sociology; in many colleges and universities, they are in the same department. The chief differences continue to be in methodology and level of analysis.
Whatever their particular area of concern, all social sciences rely on the scientific method of inquiry. 6 This means they rely on critical and systematic examination of the evidence before reaching any conclusions and that they approached each research question from a position of moral neutrality. This scientific approach is what distinguishes the social sciences from journalism and other fields that comment on the condition.

答案：对这些规律的探寻表明，大多数的人类行为，无论是意义重大的还是无关紧要的，都是有规律可循的。

问答题

Every year, according to the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), millions of men and women suffer from depressive illness. 7 Worse, thousands of depressives, including an alarming number of teenagers, take their own lives—often, it is believed, before their condition is identified.
A NIMH survey has found that only about one third of depressed people seek treatment. Yet when treated, 80 to 90 percent can be helped with new drugs and therapy, and may never have another episode—if those around them spot their troubles early and treatment begins promptly.
Clinical depression should not be confused with the blues. 8 Everyone has brief "down" periods, and sometimes depression strikes tor perfectly understandable reasons: the death of a loved one, the loss of a job or the breakup of a marriage. But most people gradually adjust to their losses.
Clinical depression differs from the blues in duration and severity. For some it may be associated with disturbances in the brain"s neurochemistry (神经化学系统). Says Dr. Frederick K. Goodwin, director of the Center on Neuroscience, Behavior and Society at George Washington University Medical Center, "In depression-prone people, what starts as a normal response takes on a biochemical life of its own. The regulatory, systems keep running, and you get a kind of burnout."
9 Untreated, the condition frequently recurs, and with each recurrence the chances of yet another episode increase. Half of those who have an untreated first episode will have a second, and after three episode, there is a 90 percent chance of a fourth. So early treatment is critical.
Depression is a crippling illness. But with a little help from observant friends or family, and with proper medical treatment, most people recover and return to healthy, productive lives.

答案：更糟糕的是，成千上万的抑郁症患者(其中包括大量的青少年)结束了自己的生命，而且经常是在病情确诊之前。

问答题

By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder. In Scotland, in fact, there are no other snakes at all. The adder is also the only British snake with a poisonous bite. It can be found almost anywhere, but prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland there are no snakes at all.
Most people regard snake bites as fatal misfortune, but not all bites are serious, and very few are fatal. 1 Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs heroically, but mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself surgery and other unnecessary measures.
All snakes have small teeth, so it follows that all snakes can bite, but only the bite of the adder presents any danger. 2 British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feels threatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally or if you try to catch it or pick it up which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.
The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon several things, one of which is the body-weight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites than adults. A healthy person will also have better resistance against the poison. 3 Very few people actually die from snake bites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.

答案：英国的蛇是很害羞的动物，它们对你的恐惧远远甚于你对它们的恐惧。

问答题

Did life emerge spontaneously on earth, or did it come from outer space 10 The scientific community is sharply split on the question, and the evidence from Mars (火星) not only heats up the debate but also adds a third possibility: life-forms may have arisen on Mars first and then hitched a ride on a meteorite (陨石) to Earth—or vice versa. As Stanford University chemist Richard Zare puts it, "Who is to say that we are not all Martians"
Sounds implausible Consider the alternatives. Sir Fred Hoyle, the distinguished British astronomer, favors an even more radical theory. The idea is that billions of years ago, the solar system was peppered by biological "seeds", which took root wherever conditions were right. That would explain how life may have arisen at roughly the same time on Earth and on Mars. 11 But it also raises awkward questions about where those seeds came from and what, or who, sent them flying through space.
There is something to this theory. 12 Even scientists who reject it acknowledge that some of life"s building blocks probably had extraterrestrial (外星的) origins. Indeed, they now believe that everything from organic chemicals to amino acids (氨基酸), the constituents of proteins, was carried in by the comets, asteroids (小行星) and meteorites.

答案：科学界对此有截然不同的观点，来自火星的证据不但使科学家之间的辩论更加升温，而且提供了第三种可能性：生命有可能最先在火星上...

问答题

Sociology is concerned with people and with the rules of behavior that structure the ways in which people interact. As one of the social sciences, sociology has much in common with psychology and anthropology.
The subject matter of social science inquiry is patterned social regularities. 4 A search for these regularities shows that most human behavior, from big and momentous acts to small and insignificant ones, is patterned.
All of the social sciences are interested in patterned regularities in human social behavior. The distinction among the social sciences is chiefly in the kinds of regularities of interest. Psychology occupies itself principally with patterns of learning, motivations and mental disorders. Because mental behavior also has a biological base, psychology is related to the natural science as well as the social. Anthropology has traditionally limited its inquiry to small, preliterate societies and has turned to focus on culture and cultured systems. The focus on such societies provides anthropologists with field laboratories in which they study many of the concerns of the other social sciences. 5 To the extent that anthropologists turn their attention to modern societies, there is little difference in the subject matter of anthropology and sociology; in many colleges and universities, they are in the same department. The chief differences continue to be in methodology and level of analysis.
Whatever their particular area of concern, all social sciences rely on the scientific method of inquiry. 6 This means they rely on critical and systematic examination of the evidence before reaching any conclusions and that they approached each research question from a position of moral neutrality. This scientific approach is what distinguishes the social sciences from journalism and other fields that comment on the condition.

答案：就人类学家对现代社会的关注程度而言，人类学和社会学的研究主题几乎没有什么不同。在许多大学和学院里，它们是同一个系。

问答题

Americans are the first of the big spenders. 13 Among twenty major countries, the U. S. ranks third from last in individual willingness to save, putting aside a bare 4% of disposable income. A key reason is world-beating U. S. consumer debt, which has ballooned in 20 years from $100 billion to $900 billion. Things were not always thus. Thriftiness, not to say tightfistedness, used to be a Yankee (美国人的) virtue. As recently as 1984, Americans were saving 8% of their after-tax income. The image of Americans as spoiled children is fairly new, though now firmly established. 14 Instead of putting something aside for a rainy day, Americans now start saving only when recession hits, while in other parts of the world like Asia, higher savings are associated with prosperity and growth.
Savings also help maintain that happy state of affairs. Capital accumulation funds capital investment, so it comes as no surprise that as in savings, the U. S. lags in investment: 18.5% of GDP in 1994 against 24.8% for Germany, 28.9% for Japan and even more for Asia"s Young Tigers.
Given the right encouragement, can Americans become born-savers again If not, Joseph Gorman, CEO of TRW Inc., the $8 billion American auto-components manufacturer, warns, " 15 Macro-economists would argue that we are condemned to run a big trade deficit because our country consumes far more than it saves, and other countries save far more than they consume. So goods are going to flow largely to the consumers, but the capital profits and the jobs will flow to the producers, who are the savers." In other words, Americans will be the grasshoppers (蚱蜢) in a world of ants.

答案：就个人储蓄愿望而言，在20个大国中，美国排在倒数第三位，美国人仅仅储蓄了可支配的那部分收入的百分之四。

问答题

16 We are all now aware that some new scientific or technological advances, though useful, may have unpleasant side effects. More and more, the tendency is to expert caution before committing the world to something that may not be reversible.
The trouble is, it"s not always easy to tell what the side effects will be. In 1846, a man called Sobrero produced the first nitroglycerine (硝化甘油). When heated, a drop of it exploded. The Italian chemist realized in horror its possible application to warfare and stopped his research at once. It didn"t help, of course. 17 Others followed his research and other high explosives were indeed being used in warfare by the close of the 19th century.
Did that make high explosives entirely bad In 1867, Alfred Nobel learned how to mix nitroglycerine with other substances to produce a safer-to-handle mixture he called "dynamite". With dynamite, earth could be moved at a rate far beyond that of pick and shovel.
We can"t abandon industrialization, because our food supply depends on it. If everyone decided to grow food without chemical fertilizers or insecticides or machinery, it would mean that only one quarter of the world population could be fed.
Can we abandon some of our industrial technology and hold onto the rest That would be very difficult, since it all hangs together.
We can save, conserve, cut out waste, but what we have we must keep. 18 The only solution, as always in the history of mankind, is to solve problems by still further advances in technology.

答案：我们现在都已意识到，某些新的科技进步虽然有有利的一面，但也可能会有令人不快的副作用。

问答题

Every year, according to the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), millions of men and women suffer from depressive illness. 7 Worse, thousands of depressives, including an alarming number of teenagers, take their own lives—often, it is believed, before their condition is identified.
A NIMH survey has found that only about one third of depressed people seek treatment. Yet when treated, 80 to 90 percent can be helped with new drugs and therapy, and may never have another episode—if those around them spot their troubles early and treatment begins promptly.
Clinical depression should not be confused with the blues. 8 Everyone has brief "down" periods, and sometimes depression strikes tor perfectly understandable reasons: the death of a loved one, the loss of a job or the breakup of a marriage. But most people gradually adjust to their losses.
Clinical depression differs from the blues in duration and severity. For some it may be associated with disturbances in the brain"s neurochemistry (神经化学系统). Says Dr. Frederick K. Goodwin, director of the Center on Neuroscience, Behavior and Society at George Washington University Medical Center, "In depression-prone people, what starts as a normal response takes on a biochemical life of its own. The regulatory, systems keep running, and you get a kind of burnout."
9 Untreated, the condition frequently recurs, and with each recurrence the chances of yet another episode increase. Half of those who have an untreated first episode will have a second, and after three episode, there is a 90 percent chance of a fourth. So early treatment is critical.
Depression is a crippling illness. But with a little help from observant friends or family, and with proper medical treatment, most people recover and return to healthy, productive lives.

答案：每个人都有短暂的情绪低落的时候，而且有时产生抑郁是有着完全可以理解的原因的：挚爱的人去世了，失去了工作，或者婚姻破裂等等...

问答题

By far the most common snake in Britain is the adder. In Scotland, in fact, there are no other snakes at all. The adder is also the only British snake with a poisonous bite. It can be found almost anywhere, but prefers sunny hillsides and rough open country, including high ground. In Ireland there are no snakes at all.
Most people regard snake bites as fatal misfortune, but not all bites are serious, and very few are fatal. 1 Sometimes attempts at emergency treatment turn out to be more dangerous than the bite itself, with amateurs heroically, but mistakenly, trying do-it-yourself surgery and other unnecessary measures.
All snakes have small teeth, so it follows that all snakes can bite, but only the bite of the adder presents any danger. 2 British snakes are shy animals and are far more frightened of you than you could possibly be of them. The adder will attack only if it feels threatened, as can happen if you take it by surprise and step on it accidentally or if you try to catch it or pick it up which it dislikes intensely. If it hears you coming it will normally get out of the way as quickly as it can, but adders cannot move very rapidly and may attack before moving if you are very close.
The effect of a bite varies considerably. It depends upon several things, one of which is the body-weight of the person bitten. The bigger the person, the less harmful the bite is likely to be, which is why children suffer far more seriously from snake bites than adults. A healthy person will also have better resistance against the poison. 3 Very few people actually die from snake bites in Britain, and though these bites can make some people very ill, there are probably just as many cases of bites having little or no effect, as there are of serious illness.

答案：实际上，在英国极少有人死于蛇噬。虽然蛇噬可能会使一些人大病一场，但是对人没有影响或影响甚微的病例几乎和致人重病的病例数量...

问答题

Did life emerge spontaneously on earth, or did it come from outer space 10 The scientific community is sharply split on the question, and the evidence from Mars (火星) not only heats up the debate but also adds a third possibility: life-forms may have arisen on Mars first and then hitched a ride on a meteorite (陨石) to Earth—or vice versa. As Stanford University chemist Richard Zare puts it, "Who is to say that we are not all Martians"
Sounds implausible Consider the alternatives. Sir Fred Hoyle, the distinguished British astronomer, favors an even more radical theory. The idea is that billions of years ago, the solar system was peppered by biological "seeds", which took root wherever conditions were right. That would explain how life may have arisen at roughly the same time on Earth and on Mars. 11 But it also raises awkward questions about where those seeds came from and what, or who, sent them flying through space.
There is something to this theory. 12 Even scientists who reject it acknowledge that some of life"s building blocks probably had extraterrestrial (外星的) origins. Indeed, they now believe that everything from organic chemicals to amino acids (氨基酸), the constituents of proteins, was carried in by the comets, asteroids (小行星) and meteorites.

答案：但是这种观点也带来了许多难解的问题：这些生命的种子来自于何方是什么力量，或者是谁使它们穿越太空的

问答题

Sociology is concerned with people and with the rules of behavior that structure the ways in which people interact. As one of the social sciences, sociology has much in common with psychology and anthropology.
The subject matter of social science inquiry is patterned social regularities. 4 A search for these regularities shows that most human behavior, from big and momentous acts to small and insignificant ones, is patterned.
All of the social sciences are interested in patterned regularities in human social behavior. The distinction among the social sciences is chiefly in the kinds of regularities of interest. Psychology occupies itself principally with patterns of learning, motivations and mental disorders. Because mental behavior also has a biological base, psychology is related to the natural science as well as the social. Anthropology has traditionally limited its inquiry to small, preliterate societies and has turned to focus on culture and cultured systems. The focus on such societies provides anthropologists with field laboratories in which they study many of the concerns of the other social sciences. 5 To the extent that anthropologists turn their attention to modern societies, there is little difference in the subject matter of anthropology and sociology; in many colleges and universities, they are in the same department. The chief differences continue to be in methodology and level of analysis.
Whatever their particular area of concern, all social sciences rely on the scientific method of inquiry. 6 This means they rely on critical and systematic examination of the evidence before reaching any conclusions and that they approached each research question from a position of moral neutrality. This scientific approach is what distinguishes the social sciences from journalism and other fields that comment on the condition.

答案：这就是说，所有的社会科学都在得出结论之前依赖于对证据的严格系统的分析，而且都是从道德中立的立场上来探究每一个研究问题的。

问答题

Americans are the first of the big spenders. 13 Among twenty major countries, the U. S. ranks third from last in individual willingness to save, putting aside a bare 4% of disposable income. A key reason is world-beating U. S. consumer debt, which has ballooned in 20 years from $100 billion to $900 billion. Things were not always thus. Thriftiness, not to say tightfistedness, used to be a Yankee (美国人的) virtue. As recently as 1984, Americans were saving 8% of their after-tax income. The image of Americans as spoiled children is fairly new, though now firmly established. 14 Instead of putting something aside for a rainy day, Americans now start saving only when recession hits, while in other parts of the world like Asia, higher savings are associated with prosperity and growth.
Savings also help maintain that happy state of affairs. Capital accumulation funds capital investment, so it comes as no surprise that as in savings, the U. S. lags in investment: 18.5% of GDP in 1994 against 24.8% for Germany, 28.9% for Japan and even more for Asia"s Young Tigers.
Given the right encouragement, can Americans become born-savers again If not, Joseph Gorman, CEO of TRW Inc., the $8 billion American auto-components manufacturer, warns, " 15 Macro-economists would argue that we are condemned to run a big trade deficit because our country consumes far more than it saves, and other countries save far more than they consume. So goods are going to flow largely to the consumers, but the capital profits and the jobs will flow to the producers, who are the savers." In other words, Americans will be the grasshoppers (蚱蜢) in a world of ants.

答案：美国人从来没有以防万一的储蓄习惯，仅会在萧条时期来临时才开始储蓄，而在世界的其他地方，像亚洲，高储蓄是和繁荣发展紧密相连...

问答题

16 We are all now aware that some new scientific or technological advances, though useful, may have unpleasant side effects. More and more, the tendency is to expert caution before committing the world to something that may not be reversible.
The trouble is, it"s not always easy to tell what the side effects will be. In 1846, a man called Sobrero produced the first nitroglycerine (硝化甘油). When heated, a drop of it exploded. The Italian chemist realized in horror its possible application to warfare and stopped his research at once. It didn"t help, of course. 17 Others followed his research and other high explosives were indeed being used in warfare by the close of the 19th century.
Did that make high explosives entirely bad In 1867, Alfred Nobel learned how to mix nitroglycerine with other substances to produce a safer-to-handle mixture he called "dynamite". With dynamite, earth could be moved at a rate far beyond that of pick and shovel.
We can"t abandon industrialization, because our food supply depends on it. If everyone decided to grow food without chemical fertilizers or insecticides or machinery, it would mean that only one quarter of the world population could be fed.
Can we abandon some of our industrial technology and hold onto the rest That would be very difficult, since it all hangs together.
We can save, conserve, cut out waste, but what we have we must keep. 18 The only solution, as always in the history of mankind, is to solve problems by still further advances in technology.

答案：其他科学家继续了他的研究工作，结果在19世纪快结束时其他高性能炸药真的被用于战争了。

问答题

Every year, according to the U.S. National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), millions of men and women suffer from depressive illness. 7 Worse, thousands of depressives, including an alarming number of teenagers, take their own lives—often, it is believed, before their condition is identified.
A NIMH survey has found that only about one third of depressed people seek treatment. Yet when treated, 80 to 90 percent can be helped with new drugs and therapy, and may never have another episode—if those around them spot their troubles early and treatment begins promptly.
Clinical depression should not be confused with the blues. 8 Everyone has brief "down" periods, and sometimes depression strikes tor perfectly understandable reasons: the death of a loved one, the loss of a job or the breakup of a marriage. But most people gradually adjust to their losses.
Clinical depression differs from the blues in duration and severity. For some it may be associated with disturbances in the brain"s neurochemistry (神经化学系统). Says Dr. Frederick K. Goodwin, director of the Center on Neuroscience, Behavior and Society at George Washington University Medical Center, "In depression-prone people, what starts as a normal response takes on a biochemical life of its own. The regulatory, systems keep running, and you get a kind of burnout."
9 Untreated, the condition frequently recurs, and with each recurrence the chances of yet another episode increase. Half of those who have an untreated first episode will have a second, and after three episode, there is a 90 percent chance of a fourth. So early treatment is critical.
Depression is a crippling illness. But with a little help from observant friends or family, and with proper medical treatment, most people recover and return to healthy, productive lives.

答案：如果不治疗的话，症状就会经常反复地出现，而且每一次复发，就会增加下一次发病的可能性。

问答题

Did life emerge spontaneously on earth, or did it come from outer space 10 The scientific community is sharply split on the question, and the evidence from Mars (火星) not only heats up the debate but also adds a third possibility: life-forms may have arisen on Mars first and then hitched a ride on a meteorite (陨石) to Earth—or vice versa. As Stanford University chemist Richard Zare puts it, "Who is to say that we are not all Martians"
Sounds implausible Consider the alternatives. Sir Fred Hoyle, the distinguished British astronomer, favors an even more radical theory. The idea is that billions of years ago, the solar system was peppered by biological "seeds", which took root wherever conditions were right. That would explain how life may have arisen at roughly the same time on Earth and on Mars. 11 But it also raises awkward questions about where those seeds came from and what, or who, sent them flying through space.
There is something to this theory. 12 Even scientists who reject it acknowledge that some of life"s building blocks probably had extraterrestrial (外星的) origins. Indeed, they now believe that everything from organic chemicals to amino acids (氨基酸), the constituents of proteins, was carried in by the comets, asteroids (小行星) and meteorites.

答案：即使是持反对意见的科学家们也承认，一些构建生命的基本要素可能源自于其他星球。

问答题

Americans are the first of the big spenders. 13 Among twenty major countries, the U. S. ranks third from last in individual willingness to save, putting aside a bare 4% of disposable income. A key reason is world-beating U. S. consumer debt, which has ballooned in 20 years from $100 billion to $900 billion. Things were not always thus. Thriftiness, not to say tightfistedness, used to be a Yankee (美国人的) virtue. As recently as 1984, Americans were saving 8% of their after-tax income. The image of Americans as spoiled children is fairly new, though now firmly established. 14 Instead of putting something aside for a rainy day, Americans now start saving only when recession hits, while in other parts of the world like Asia, higher savings are associated with prosperity and growth.
Savings also help maintain that happy state of affairs. Capital accumulation funds capital investment, so it comes as no surprise that as in savings, the U. S. lags in investment: 18.5% of GDP in 1994 against 24.8% for Germany, 28.9% for Japan and even more for Asia"s Young Tigers.
Given the right encouragement, can Americans become born-savers again If not, Joseph Gorman, CEO of TRW Inc., the $8 billion American auto-components manufacturer, warns, " 15 Macro-economists would argue that we are condemned to run a big trade deficit because our country consumes far more than it saves, and other countries save far more than they consume. So goods are going to flow largely to the consumers, but the capital profits and the jobs will flow to the producers, who are the savers." In other words, Americans will be the grasshoppers (蚱蜢) in a world of ants.

答案：宏观经济学家会说，我们注定会在贸易上出现大额的赤字，因为我国是消费大大多于储蓄，而其他国家则是储蓄大大多于消费。

问答题

16 We are all now aware that some new scientific or technological advances, though useful, may have unpleasant side effects. More and more, the tendency is to expert caution before committing the world to something that may not be reversible.
The trouble is, it"s not always easy to tell what the side effects will be. In 1846, a man called Sobrero produced the first nitroglycerine (硝化甘油). When heated, a drop of it exploded. The Italian chemist realized in horror its possible application to warfare and stopped his research at once. It didn"t help, of course. 17 Others followed his research and other high explosives were indeed being used in warfare by the close of the 19th century.
Did that make high explosives entirely bad In 1867, Alfred Nobel learned how to mix nitroglycerine with other substances to produce a safer-to-handle mixture he called "dynamite". With dynamite, earth could be moved at a rate far beyond that of pick and shovel.
We can"t abandon industrialization, because our food supply depends on it. If everyone decided to grow food without chemical fertilizers or insecticides or machinery, it would mean that only one quarter of the world population could be fed.
Can we abandon some of our industrial technology and hold onto the rest That would be very difficult, since it all hangs together.
We can save, conserve, cut out waste, but what we have we must keep. 18 The only solution, as always in the history of mankind, is to solve problems by still further advances in technology.

答案：正像人类历史一贯呈现的那样，唯一的解决问题的途径是技术上的更进一步的发展。