Linguistics is usually defined as the_...

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Human language is arbitrary. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the______it is associated with.（人大2007研)

答案：正确答案：meaning

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Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space)at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.（北二外2003研)

答案：正确答案：displacement

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The term______originates from Malinowski"s study of the functions of language performed by Trobriand Islanders.It refers to the social interaction of language.(中山大学2006研)

答案：正确答案：phatic communion

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The features that define our human languages can be called ______ features.（北二外2006研)

答案：正确答案：design

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Halliday proposes a theory of metafunctions of language, that is, language has______, interpersonal and textual functions.（中山大学2008研)

答案：正确答案：ideational

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Our language can be used to talk about itself. This is the______function of language.（中山大学2005研)

答案：正确答案：metalingual

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By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of the level are composed of elements of thelevel and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.(北二外2006研)

答案：正确答案：primary，secondary

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Linguistics is usually defined as the______study of language.(北二外2003研)

答案：正确答案：scientific

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studieshowthespeech soundsaremade, transmitted, andreceived, and studies the rules governing the structure,distribution and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：phonetics：phonology

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studies meaning in language, is about principles of forming and understanding correct English sentences, and__ is concerned with the internal organization of words. They are all among the main branches of linguistics.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：semantics；syntax；morphology

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1is the study of the language-processing mechanisms. It is concerned with the storage , comprehension, production and acquisition of language; on the other hand, attempts to show the relationship between language and society.They both belong to branches of macrolinguistics.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：psycholinguistics：sociolinguistics

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Saussure distinguished the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics(utterances)asand . The former refers to the abstract linguistic system shared by all the members of a speech community, and the latter is the concrete manifestation of language either through speech or through writing.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：langue；parole

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One of the important distinctions in linguistics is ______and performance.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：competence

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Theory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the______theory.

答案：正确答案：yo-he-ho

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The description of a language as it changes through time is a______study.

答案：正确答案：Diachronic linguistic

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Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure"s langue and Chomsky"s______.

答案：正确答案：Competence

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Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of______and manner of articulation.（北二外2004研)

答案：正确答案：place

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______are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.（中山大学2006研)

答案：正确答案：consonants

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The sound[b]can be described with "______, bilabial, stop".（北二外2004研)

答案：正确答案：voiced

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______refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound.(中山大学2005研)

答案：正确答案：assimilation

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Stress refers to the degree of ______used in producing a syllable.（中山大学2006研)

答案：正确答案：force

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In Saussure"s view, the relationship between signifier(sound image)and signified(concept)is______.(北二外2003研)

答案：正确答案：arbitrary

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grammars attempt to tell what is in the language, whilegrammars tell people what should be in the language.Most contemporary linguists believe that whatever occurs naturally in the language should be described.（人大2006研)

答案：正确答案：descriptive：prescriptive

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Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel, and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of place and______of articulation.(北二外2008研)

答案：正确答案：manner

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The sound[k]can be described with "voiceless, ______, stop".（北二外2003研)

答案：正确答案：velar

Linguistics is usually defined as the______study of language.(北二外2003研)

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Human language is arbitrary. This refers to the fact that there is no logical or intrinsic connection between a particular sound and the______it is associated with.（人大2007研)

Human languages enable their users to symbolize objects, events and concepts which are not present(in time and space)at the moment of communication. This quality is labeled as ______.（北二外2003研)

The term______originates from Malinowski"s study of the functions of language performed by Trobriand Islanders.It refers to the social interaction of language.(中山大学2006研)

The features that define our human languages can be called ______ features.（北二外2006研)

Halliday proposes a theory of metafunctions of language, that is, language has______, interpersonal and textual functions.（中山大学2008研)

Our language can be used to talk about itself. This is the______function of language.（中山大学2005研)

By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of the ______level are composed of elements of the______level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.(北二外2006研)

Linguistics is usually defined as the______study of language.(北二外2003研)

______studieshowthespeech soundsaremade, transmitted, andreceived, and ______studies the rules governing the structure,distribution and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.（人大2006研)

______studies meaning in language,______ is about principles of forming and understanding correct English sentences, and______ is concerned with the internal organization of words. They are all among the main branches of linguistics.（人大2006研)

One of the important distinctions in linguistics is ______and performance.（人大2006研)

Theory that primitive man made involuntary vocal noises while performing heavy work has been called the______theory.

The description of a language as it changes through time is a______study.

Linguistic potential is similar to Saussure"s langue and Chomsky"s______.

Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of______and manner of articulation.（北二外2004研)

______are produced by constricting or obstructing the vocal tract at some place to divert, impede, or completely shut off the flow of air in the oral cavity.（中山大学2006研)

The sound[b]can be described with "______, bilabial, stop".（北二外2004研)

______refers to the change of a sound as a result of the influence of an adjacent sound.(中山大学2005研)

Stress refers to the degree of ______used in producing a syllable.（中山大学2006研)

In Saussure"s view, the relationship between signifier(sound image)and signified(concept)is______.(北二外2003研)

______ grammars attempt to tell what is in the language, while______grammars tell people what should be in the language.Most contemporary linguists believe that whatever occurs naturally in the language should be described.（人大2006研)

Consonant articulations are relatively easy to feel, and as a result are most conveniently described in terms of place and______of articulation.(北二外2008研)

The sound[k]can be described with "voiceless, ______, stop".（北二外2003研)

By duality is meant the property of having two levels of structures,such that units of the level are composed of elements of thelevel and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.(北二外2006研)

studieshowthespeech soundsaremade, transmitted, andreceived, and studies the rules governing the structure,distribution and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.（人大2006研)

studies meaning in language, is about principles of forming and understanding correct English sentences, and__ is concerned with the internal organization of words. They are all among the main branches of linguistics.（人大2006研)

grammars attempt to tell what is in the language, whilegrammars tell people what should be in the language.Most contemporary linguists believe that whatever occurs naturally in the language should be described.（人大2006研)