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问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 

答案： 在ways和which之间加上一个介词in
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问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： and→while
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： height→high
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： special committees前加or
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： 在any infant中间加other
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： investing→invested
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： with→of
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： 去掉a
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： consisted→consisting
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： have→has
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： 在irrespective和fluctuations之间加上介词of
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： speak out∧→it
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： went∧→on
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： in→on
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： pay→draw/call/attract/elicit
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： those→that
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： firstly→first
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： high→higher
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： rely→rely on
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： on→to
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： 在fact和economic之间加上关系代词that
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： which→that
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： Europe→European
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： make out→make
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： in risk→in danger或者at risk
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： 把定冠词the去掉
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： went→go
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： 去掉more
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： its→their
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： them→themselves
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： poor→poorer
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： 去掉per或every
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： nevertheless→also
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： public→the public
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： 删除others前的定冠词the
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： 在ways和which之间加上一个介词in
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： This-→It
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： that→those
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： be→is
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： nevertheless→therefore或thus
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： eliminate→eliminating
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： community∧→together
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： Since→Although(或While)
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： citizenry→citizens
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： genetic→genetically
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： shorten→reduce或weaken
问答题

There are great impediments to the general use of a standard in pronunciation
    comparable to that existing in spelling (orthography). One is the fact that
    pronunciation is learnt ’naturally’ and unconsciously, and orthography is        1   
    learnt deliberately and consciously. Large numbers of us, in fact, remain
    throughout our lives quite unconscious with what our                            2   
    speech sounds like when we speak out, and it often comes as a                    3   
    shock when we firstly hear a recording of ourselves. It is not a                  4   
    voice we recognize at once, whereas our own handwriting is something
    which we almost always know. We begin the                                        5   
    ’natural’ learning of pronunciation long before we start learning to read
    or write, and in our early years we went on unconsciously                        6   
    imitating and practicing the pronunciation of those around us for many
    more hours per every day than we ever have to spend                              7   
    learning even our difficult English spelling. This is "natural",                  8   
    therefore, that our speech-sounds should be those of our immediate circle;
    after all, as we have seen, speech operates as a means of holding
    a community and giving a sense of "belonging".                                    9   
    We learn quite early to recognize a "stranger", someone who speaks
    with an accent of a different community—perhaps only a few miles far.            10     
 
答案： far→away
问答题

Demographic indicators show that Americans in the postwar period
    were more eager than ever to establish families. They quickly brought
    down the age at marriage for both men and women and brought the birth
    rate to a twentieth century height after more than a                            11   
    hundred years of a steady decline, producing the "baby boom".                    12   
    The young adults established a trend of early marriage and relatively
    large families that went for more than two decades and caused a major but        13   
    temporary reversal of long-term demographic patterns. From the 1940s
    through the early 1960s, Americans married at a high rate and at a              14   
    younger age than their Europe counterparts.                                      15   
    Less noted but equally more significant, the man and women                      16   
    who formed families between 1940 and 1960 nevertheless reduced                  17   
    the divorce rate after a postwar peak; their marriages remained intact
    to a greater extent than did that of couples who married in earlier              18   
    as well as later decades. Since the United States maintained its                19   
    dubious distinction of having the highest divorce rate in the world,
    the temporary decline in divorce did not occur in the same extent                20   
    in Europe. Contrary to fears of the experts, the role of breadwinner
    and homemaker was not abandoned. 
 
答案： in→to
问答题

One of the most important non-legislative functions of the U. S Congress
    is the power to investigate. This power is usually delegated to
    committees—either standing committees, special committees set for a specific      21   
    purpose, or joint committees consisted of members of both houses.                  22   
    Investigations are held to gather information on the need for
    future legislation, to test the effectiveness of laws already passed,
    to inquire into the qualifications and performance of members and
    officials of the other branches, and in rare occasions, to lay the                  23   
    groundwork for impeachment proceedings. Frequently, committees
    rely outside experts to assist in conducting investigative hearings                  24   
    and to make out detailed studies of issues.                                          25   
    There are important corollaries to the investigative power. One
    is the power to publicize investigations and its results. Most                        26   
    committee hearings are open to public and are reported                                27   
    widely in the mass media. Congressional investigations
    nevertheless represent one important tool available to lawmakers                      28   
    to inform the citizenry and to arouse public interests in national issues.            29   
    Congressional committees also have the power to compel
    testimony from unwilling witnesses, and to cite for contempt
    of Congress witnesses who refuse to testify and for perjury of
    these who give false testimony.                                                        30     
 
答案： these→those
问答题

When a human infant is born into any community in any part of the world
    it has two things in common with any infant, provided neither of them                  41   
    have been damaged in any way either before or during birth. Firstly, and most          42   
    obviously, new born children are completely helpless. Apart from a powerful
    capacity to pay attention to their helplessness by using sound, there is nothing        43   
    the new born child can do to ensure his own survival Without care from some
    other human being or beings, be it mother, grandmother, or human group, a
    child is very unlikely to survive. This helplessness of human infants is in marked
    contrast with the capacity of many new born animals to get on their feet within          44   
    minutes of birth and run with the herd within a few hours. Although young
    animals are certainly in risk, sometimes for weeks or even months after birth,          45   
    compared with the human infant, they very
    quickly develop the capacity to fend for them.                                          46   
    It is during this very long period in which the human infant is totally dependent
    on the others that it reveals the second feature which it shares with all                47   
    other undamaged human infants, a capacity to learn language. For this reason,
    biologists now suggest that language be "species specific" to the human race,            48   
    that is to say, they consider the human infant to be genetic programmed in                49   
    such way that it can acquire language. This suggestion implies that just                  50   
    as human beings are designed to see three-dimensionally and in color and just
    as they are designed to stand upright rather than to move on all fours, so they
    are designed to learn and use language as part of their normal development as
    well-formed human beings. 
 
答案： 在such way中间加入a
问答题

A number of colleges and universities have announced steep
    tuition increases for next year much steeper than the current,
    very low, rate of inflation. They say the increases are needed because
    of a loss in value of university endowments’ heavily investing in common            31   
    stock. I am skeptical. A business firm chooses the price that maximizes
    its net revenues, irrespective fluctuations in income; and increasingly the          32   
    outlook of universities in the United States is indistinguishable from those of      33   
    business firms. The rise in tuitions may reflect the fact economic uncertainty        34   
    increases the demand for education. The biggest cost of being
    in the school is foregoing income from a job (this is primarily a factor in          35   
    graduate and professional-school tuition); the poor one’s job prospects,              36   
    the more sense it makes to reallocate time from the job market to education,
    in order to make oneself more marketable.
    The ways which universities make themselves attractive to students                    37   
    include soft majors, student evaluations of teachers, giving students
    a governance role, and eliminate required courses.                                    38   
    Sky-high tuitions have caused universities to regard their students as
    customers. Just as business firms sometimes collude to shorten the                    39   
    rigors of competition, universities collude to minimize the cost to them of
    the athletes whom they recruit in order to stimulate alumni donations, so the
    best athletes now often bypass higher education in order to obtain salaries
    earlier from professional teams. And until they were stopped by the antitrust
    authorities, the Ivy League schools colluded to limit competition for the
    best students, by agreeing not to award scholarships on the basis of merit
    rather than purely of need—just like business firms agreeing not to give
    discounts on their best customer.                                                      40     
 
答案： on→to
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