What is the author"s purpose of writin...

When it comes to battles between Apple and Samsung, the conflict is often explored in terms of patents or smartphone sales. But what about their innovation styles Management consulting firm Booz & Company released its eighth annual Global Innovation 1000 Study in the last week of October. Among the study"s key findings were that research and development spending had reached an "all-time high, " increasing by 9.6 percent in 2011 for a total $603 billion, and that Amazon edged out Facebook to join the study"s top 10 "most innovative" companies. The top 10 list was compiled based on answers from survey respondents who were asked which companies they found to be the most innovative. Apple, Google and 3M took the top three slots with Samsung, General Electric, Microsoft, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, IBM and, finally, Amazon rounding out the rest of the list. The last of three key findings were that roughly half of the corporations surveyed rated their effectiveness when it comes to getting products to market as "average" or "marginally effective. " That fact was drilled home by the survey"s list of top R&D spenders. Toyota topped the Research & Development(R&D)spenders list, coming in seventh among the most innovative companies. Apple and Google were not listed among the top 20 R&D spenders, even as they were named one and two, respectively, among the 10 most innovative. Samsung, meanwhile, was ranked the fourth most innovative and the sixth highest of the R&D spenders, rising from seventh place the year before. " It"s not how much money you spend, but how effectively you spend it to make you innovative, " said Booz & Company Partner John Loehr during a phone interview. Loehr is the global leader of the firm"s innovation practice, specializing in automotive, industrial and aerospace companies. " They"re both phenomenally successful, but they both have different innovation models, " said Loehr of Apple and Samsung, going on to describe Apple as a " prototypical example of what we call a " need seeker" " —or a company that identifies un-met needs in the market and moves to satisfy them. Samsung, on the other hand, is a "market reader, " said Loehr. The term "fast follower, " he continued, has often been used to describe Samsung, but Loehr maintains the term gives the company "short shrift. " "They"re waiting for something to be established in the market, and when it really takes off, " said Loehr, "they go after it and go after it aggressively. " The strategy has proven advantages, said Loehr, citing Samsung"s strides in the television market. "Successful market readers tend to find technology alternatives, " said Loehr. Sometimes that path can be found in the lab, and other times in the courts. "That"s part of the capability as a market reader, " he said.Which of the following is the best title for the passage

A．Decisive factor; Research and development spending
B．Apple Versus Samsung; Battle of the innovation strategies
C．Innovation; Key to success
D．Secret stories; Key findings from Booz & Company"s innovation study

单项选择题

Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000 My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.How did a kilogram of carrots cost $ 10, 000

A．The kitchen needed a more modern look.
B．The dirt from the carrots blocked the drain which led to other problems.
C．Carrots can be very expensive.
D．The carrots caused water to spill everywhere.

单项选择题

When it comes to battles between Apple and Samsung, the conflict is often explored in terms of patents or smartphone sales. But what about their innovation styles Management consulting firm Booz & Company released its eighth annual Global Innovation 1000 Study in the last week of October. Among the study"s key findings were that research and development spending had reached an "all-time high, " increasing by 9.6 percent in 2011 for a total $603 billion, and that Amazon edged out Facebook to join the study"s top 10 "most innovative" companies. The top 10 list was compiled based on answers from survey respondents who were asked which companies they found to be the most innovative. Apple, Google and 3M took the top three slots with Samsung, General Electric, Microsoft, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, IBM and, finally, Amazon rounding out the rest of the list. The last of three key findings were that roughly half of the corporations surveyed rated their effectiveness when it comes to getting products to market as "average" or "marginally effective. " That fact was drilled home by the survey"s list of top R&D spenders. Toyota topped the Research & Development(R&D)spenders list, coming in seventh among the most innovative companies. Apple and Google were not listed among the top 20 R&D spenders, even as they were named one and two, respectively, among the 10 most innovative. Samsung, meanwhile, was ranked the fourth most innovative and the sixth highest of the R&D spenders, rising from seventh place the year before. " It"s not how much money you spend, but how effectively you spend it to make you innovative, " said Booz & Company Partner John Loehr during a phone interview. Loehr is the global leader of the firm"s innovation practice, specializing in automotive, industrial and aerospace companies. " They"re both phenomenally successful, but they both have different innovation models, " said Loehr of Apple and Samsung, going on to describe Apple as a " prototypical example of what we call a " need seeker" " —or a company that identifies un-met needs in the market and moves to satisfy them. Samsung, on the other hand, is a "market reader, " said Loehr. The term "fast follower, " he continued, has often been used to describe Samsung, but Loehr maintains the term gives the company "short shrift. " "They"re waiting for something to be established in the market, and when it really takes off, " said Loehr, "they go after it and go after it aggressively. " The strategy has proven advantages, said Loehr, citing Samsung"s strides in the television market. "Successful market readers tend to find technology alternatives, " said Loehr. Sometimes that path can be found in the lab, and other times in the courts. "That"s part of the capability as a market reader, " he said.Which of the following statements is in agreement with the findings of Booz & Company"s study reported in the passage

A．Facebook is among the top 10 "most innovative" companies.
B．Amazon has been driven out from the top 10 "most innovative" companies.
C．Amazon is more innovative than "Facebook".
D．Facebook is more innovative than "Amazon".

单项选择题

Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane"s life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Jane"s London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. At first, the British authorities would not approve their plan. At the time, they thought it was too dangerous for a woman to live in the wilds of Africa alone. But Jane"s mother, Vanne, agreed to join her so that she would not be alone. Finally, the authorities gave Jane the clearance she needed in order to go to Africa and begin her study. In July of 1960, Jane and her mother arrived at Gombe National Park in what was then called Tanganyika and is now called Tanzania. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane"s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Jane"s life has included much more than just her study of the chimps in Tanzania. She pursued a graduate degree while still conducting her study, receiving her Ph. D. from Cambridge University in 1965. In 1984, she received the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize for "helping millions of people understand the importance of wildlife conservation to life on this planet. " She has been married twice; first to a photographer and then to the director of National Parks. She has one son. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the world"s most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has published many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. The Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation was founded in 1977 in California but moved to the Washington, D. C. , area in 1998. Its goal is to take the actions necessary to improve the environment for all living things. Dr. Goodall now travels extensively, giving lectures, visiting zoos and chimp sanctuaries, and talking to young people involved in environmental education. She is truly a great conservationist and an amazing human being.What is the author"s purpose in writing this article

A．To entertain the reader with stories about chimpanzees.
B．To inform the reader of the importance of wildlife conservation.
C．To warn the reader about the challenges of working in Africa.
D．To describe the work and life of Jane Goodall.

单项选择题

Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000 My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.Which of the following is not a reason why the carrots were washed in the sink and not in the bucket

A．The bucket of water fell over.
B．Dinner needed to be made soon.
C．The carrots were always washed in the kitchen sink.
D．The carrots were dirty because they were fresh from the garden.

单项选择题

When it comes to battles between Apple and Samsung, the conflict is often explored in terms of patents or smartphone sales. But what about their innovation styles Management consulting firm Booz & Company released its eighth annual Global Innovation 1000 Study in the last week of October. Among the study"s key findings were that research and development spending had reached an "all-time high, " increasing by 9.6 percent in 2011 for a total $603 billion, and that Amazon edged out Facebook to join the study"s top 10 "most innovative" companies. The top 10 list was compiled based on answers from survey respondents who were asked which companies they found to be the most innovative. Apple, Google and 3M took the top three slots with Samsung, General Electric, Microsoft, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, IBM and, finally, Amazon rounding out the rest of the list. The last of three key findings were that roughly half of the corporations surveyed rated their effectiveness when it comes to getting products to market as "average" or "marginally effective. " That fact was drilled home by the survey"s list of top R&D spenders. Toyota topped the Research & Development(R&D)spenders list, coming in seventh among the most innovative companies. Apple and Google were not listed among the top 20 R&D spenders, even as they were named one and two, respectively, among the 10 most innovative. Samsung, meanwhile, was ranked the fourth most innovative and the sixth highest of the R&D spenders, rising from seventh place the year before. " It"s not how much money you spend, but how effectively you spend it to make you innovative, " said Booz & Company Partner John Loehr during a phone interview. Loehr is the global leader of the firm"s innovation practice, specializing in automotive, industrial and aerospace companies. " They"re both phenomenally successful, but they both have different innovation models, " said Loehr of Apple and Samsung, going on to describe Apple as a " prototypical example of what we call a " need seeker" " —or a company that identifies un-met needs in the market and moves to satisfy them. Samsung, on the other hand, is a "market reader, " said Loehr. The term "fast follower, " he continued, has often been used to describe Samsung, but Loehr maintains the term gives the company "short shrift. " "They"re waiting for something to be established in the market, and when it really takes off, " said Loehr, "they go after it and go after it aggressively. " The strategy has proven advantages, said Loehr, citing Samsung"s strides in the television market. "Successful market readers tend to find technology alternatives, " said Loehr. Sometimes that path can be found in the lab, and other times in the courts. "That"s part of the capability as a market reader, " he said.According to the passage which company has made Research and Development spending the most effective

A．Apple
B．Toyota
C．Samsung
D．Amazon

单项选择题

Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane"s life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Jane"s London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. At first, the British authorities would not approve their plan. At the time, they thought it was too dangerous for a woman to live in the wilds of Africa alone. But Jane"s mother, Vanne, agreed to join her so that she would not be alone. Finally, the authorities gave Jane the clearance she needed in order to go to Africa and begin her study. In July of 1960, Jane and her mother arrived at Gombe National Park in what was then called Tanganyika and is now called Tanzania. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane"s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Jane"s life has included much more than just her study of the chimps in Tanzania. She pursued a graduate degree while still conducting her study, receiving her Ph. D. from Cambridge University in 1965. In 1984, she received the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize for "helping millions of people understand the importance of wildlife conservation to life on this planet. " She has been married twice; first to a photographer and then to the director of National Parks. She has one son. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the world"s most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has published many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. The Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation was founded in 1977 in California but moved to the Washington, D. C. , area in 1998. Its goal is to take the actions necessary to improve the environment for all living things. Dr. Goodall now travels extensively, giving lectures, visiting zoos and chimp sanctuaries, and talking to young people involved in environmental education. She is truly a great conservationist and an amazing human being.Which of the following is NOT one of the reasons Dr. Leakey chose Jane to work with him

A．She knew a lot about Africa.
B．She knew a lot about African wildlife.
C．She earned the money to travel to Africa on her own.
D．She was interested in studying animals in the wild.

单项选择题

Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000 My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.Which of the following step was not taken to make the sink drain more quickly

A．$ 10, 000 was spent to repair the sink.
B．A plumber came to repair the drain.
C．$ 100 was spent on different kinds of drain cleaners.
D．A new sink and drain pipe were installed.

单项选择题

When it comes to battles between Apple and Samsung, the conflict is often explored in terms of patents or smartphone sales. But what about their innovation styles Management consulting firm Booz & Company released its eighth annual Global Innovation 1000 Study in the last week of October. Among the study"s key findings were that research and development spending had reached an "all-time high, " increasing by 9.6 percent in 2011 for a total $603 billion, and that Amazon edged out Facebook to join the study"s top 10 "most innovative" companies. The top 10 list was compiled based on answers from survey respondents who were asked which companies they found to be the most innovative. Apple, Google and 3M took the top three slots with Samsung, General Electric, Microsoft, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, IBM and, finally, Amazon rounding out the rest of the list. The last of three key findings were that roughly half of the corporations surveyed rated their effectiveness when it comes to getting products to market as "average" or "marginally effective. " That fact was drilled home by the survey"s list of top R&D spenders. Toyota topped the Research & Development(R&D)spenders list, coming in seventh among the most innovative companies. Apple and Google were not listed among the top 20 R&D spenders, even as they were named one and two, respectively, among the 10 most innovative. Samsung, meanwhile, was ranked the fourth most innovative and the sixth highest of the R&D spenders, rising from seventh place the year before. " It"s not how much money you spend, but how effectively you spend it to make you innovative, " said Booz & Company Partner John Loehr during a phone interview. Loehr is the global leader of the firm"s innovation practice, specializing in automotive, industrial and aerospace companies. " They"re both phenomenally successful, but they both have different innovation models, " said Loehr of Apple and Samsung, going on to describe Apple as a " prototypical example of what we call a " need seeker" " —or a company that identifies un-met needs in the market and moves to satisfy them. Samsung, on the other hand, is a "market reader, " said Loehr. The term "fast follower, " he continued, has often been used to describe Samsung, but Loehr maintains the term gives the company "short shrift. " "They"re waiting for something to be established in the market, and when it really takes off, " said Loehr, "they go after it and go after it aggressively. " The strategy has proven advantages, said Loehr, citing Samsung"s strides in the television market. "Successful market readers tend to find technology alternatives, " said Loehr. Sometimes that path can be found in the lab, and other times in the courts. "That"s part of the capability as a market reader, " he said.What is Apple"s innovation style

A．To follow a typical company"s model.
B．To make phone calls and find potential customers.
C．To satisfy companies" needs.
D．To identify and fill needs of the market.

单项选择题

Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane"s life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Jane"s London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. At first, the British authorities would not approve their plan. At the time, they thought it was too dangerous for a woman to live in the wilds of Africa alone. But Jane"s mother, Vanne, agreed to join her so that she would not be alone. Finally, the authorities gave Jane the clearance she needed in order to go to Africa and begin her study. In July of 1960, Jane and her mother arrived at Gombe National Park in what was then called Tanganyika and is now called Tanzania. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane"s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Jane"s life has included much more than just her study of the chimps in Tanzania. She pursued a graduate degree while still conducting her study, receiving her Ph. D. from Cambridge University in 1965. In 1984, she received the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize for "helping millions of people understand the importance of wildlife conservation to life on this planet. " She has been married twice; first to a photographer and then to the director of National Parks. She has one son. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the world"s most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has published many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. The Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation was founded in 1977 in California but moved to the Washington, D. C. , area in 1998. Its goal is to take the actions necessary to improve the environment for all living things. Dr. Goodall now travels extensively, giving lectures, visiting zoos and chimp sanctuaries, and talking to young people involved in environmental education. She is truly a great conservationist and an amazing human being.Which of die following is NOT true of chimpanzees

A．Chimpanzees use tools to help them get food.
B．Chimpanzees eat meat as well as plants and fruit.
C．Chimpanzees are often comfortable with strangers right away.
D．Different chimpanzees have different personalities.

单项选择题

Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000 My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.What caused the most damage to the kitchen

A．The drain.
B．The plumber.
C．The water damage.
D．The electrical problem.

单项选择题

When it comes to battles between Apple and Samsung, the conflict is often explored in terms of patents or smartphone sales. But what about their innovation styles Management consulting firm Booz & Company released its eighth annual Global Innovation 1000 Study in the last week of October. Among the study"s key findings were that research and development spending had reached an "all-time high, " increasing by 9.6 percent in 2011 for a total $603 billion, and that Amazon edged out Facebook to join the study"s top 10 "most innovative" companies. The top 10 list was compiled based on answers from survey respondents who were asked which companies they found to be the most innovative. Apple, Google and 3M took the top three slots with Samsung, General Electric, Microsoft, Toyota, Procter & Gamble, IBM and, finally, Amazon rounding out the rest of the list. The last of three key findings were that roughly half of the corporations surveyed rated their effectiveness when it comes to getting products to market as "average" or "marginally effective. " That fact was drilled home by the survey"s list of top R&D spenders. Toyota topped the Research & Development(R&D)spenders list, coming in seventh among the most innovative companies. Apple and Google were not listed among the top 20 R&D spenders, even as they were named one and two, respectively, among the 10 most innovative. Samsung, meanwhile, was ranked the fourth most innovative and the sixth highest of the R&D spenders, rising from seventh place the year before. " It"s not how much money you spend, but how effectively you spend it to make you innovative, " said Booz & Company Partner John Loehr during a phone interview. Loehr is the global leader of the firm"s innovation practice, specializing in automotive, industrial and aerospace companies. " They"re both phenomenally successful, but they both have different innovation models, " said Loehr of Apple and Samsung, going on to describe Apple as a " prototypical example of what we call a " need seeker" " —or a company that identifies un-met needs in the market and moves to satisfy them. Samsung, on the other hand, is a "market reader, " said Loehr. The term "fast follower, " he continued, has often been used to describe Samsung, but Loehr maintains the term gives the company "short shrift. " "They"re waiting for something to be established in the market, and when it really takes off, " said Loehr, "they go after it and go after it aggressively. " The strategy has proven advantages, said Loehr, citing Samsung"s strides in the television market. "Successful market readers tend to find technology alternatives, " said Loehr. Sometimes that path can be found in the lab, and other times in the courts. "That"s part of the capability as a market reader, " he said.What does the author think of Samsung"s innovation model

A．It is not as successful as that of Apple.
B．Samsung just follows Apple"s innovation style.
C．It is different from that of Apple.
D．Samsung has done aggressive TV commercials.

单项选择题

Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane"s life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Jane"s London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. At first, the British authorities would not approve their plan. At the time, they thought it was too dangerous for a woman to live in the wilds of Africa alone. But Jane"s mother, Vanne, agreed to join her so that she would not be alone. Finally, the authorities gave Jane the clearance she needed in order to go to Africa and begin her study. In July of 1960, Jane and her mother arrived at Gombe National Park in what was then called Tanganyika and is now called Tanzania. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane"s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Jane"s life has included much more than just her study of the chimps in Tanzania. She pursued a graduate degree while still conducting her study, receiving her Ph. D. from Cambridge University in 1965. In 1984, she received the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize for "helping millions of people understand the importance of wildlife conservation to life on this planet. " She has been married twice; first to a photographer and then to the director of National Parks. She has one son. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the world"s most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has published many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. The Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation was founded in 1977 in California but moved to the Washington, D. C. , area in 1998. Its goal is to take the actions necessary to improve the environment for all living things. Dr. Goodall now travels extensively, giving lectures, visiting zoos and chimp sanctuaries, and talking to young people involved in environmental education. She is truly a great conservationist and an amazing human being.What does the author think of Jane Goodall

A．She is an intelligent person.
B．She is the one who loves studying animals.
C．She is a devoted scientist.
D．She is an expert on chimpanzees.

单项选择题

Do you believe that a kilogram of carrots could cost $ 10, 000 My carrots cost me that much last year. Last summer I had to completely renovate my kitchen and it was all because of a bunch of carrots. The story begins with my picking twelve carrots from my vegetable garden and ends with my getting a new kitchen. I have a vegetable garden and every summer I enjoy eating my own vegetables. One day last summer I picked a dozen carrots. Usually, as soon as I have picked the carrots, I clean the dirt off them by rinsing them in a bucket of water. I keep a full bucket of water beside the garden just for this purpose. But this day, as I was getting up from the ground with my twelve carrots, I tripped and fell over the bucket. The water spilled out of the bucket and went all over my feet. I ran into the house to change my shoes and socks. When I was finally dry and clean, I realized that I had very little time to make dinner. The carrots were part of dinner, so I decided to wash the carrots quickly in the kitchen sink. The carrots were covered in a large amount of dirt from the garden. I put the carrots in the sink, rinsed them with water, and watched all the dirt wash away down the drain. The next day, when I was washing dishes, I noticed that the water drained out of the sink much more slowly than usual. It drained so slowly that I went to the store and bought a bottle of special drain cleaner. I used the drain cleaner and the water seemed to drain a little faster. However, the following day the drain worked even more slowly, I spent $ 100 on different kinds of drain cleaner. None of them worked. Soon the water did not drain at all. At this point I called a plumber to come and fix my drain. The plumber tried a lot of different cleaners and equipment, but nothing worked. He tried to go under the house to check the pipes, but he couldn"t reach them. He had to cut a hole in the floor where the drain pipe was in order to try to find the problem. While he was cutting the small hole, he accidentally cut the hot-water pipe. Hot water sprayed over the plumber, onto the floor, behind the counters, under the refrigerator; water went everywhere. Two hours later we finally finished cleaning up all the water. But the water had caused a lot of damage. My refrigerator stopped working because the water had affected the electrical wires. I called an electrician to come and fix the refrigerator. The electrician had to move the refrigerator to work on the wires. In order to move the refrigerator, she had to balance it on an angle and pull it away from the wall. As the electrician was balancing it, she tripped over the plumber"s tools. She fell down and the refrigerator tipped over. It crashed into the wall, resulting in a huge hole in the wall. I called a carpenter to come and fix the wall. In order to repair the hole in the wall, the carpenter had to tear down half of the entire wall. When the wall was half gone, the electrician found more electrical problems caused by the water damage. This resulted in the other half of the wall being removed to replace the damaged wiring. Meanwhile, the plumber was still looking for the source of the drain problem. Since the kitchen was in a terrible mess anyway, the plumber decided to remove part of the floor to look at the pipe there. In the middle of the floor, he found the problem; the dirt from the carrots was stuck in the pipe and nothing could go through or past the clump of dirt. Now I had a sink that did not drain, a refrigerator that did not work, a wall that was gone, and part of a floor that was missing. I looked at this disaster and decided that what I really needed was a new kitchen. Finally, I called a house builder to come and fix my kitchen. Three weeks later I had a new sink, a new refrigerator, new cupboards on a new wall, new tiles on a new floor, and $ 10, 000 less in my bank. I have learned my lesson, I never wash carrots in the kitchen sink; I get them, clean and ready to eat, from the store.The experience of the narrator can well be said as______.

A．endocrine
B．esurience
C．entropy
D．ectopia

单项选择题

Much of the information we have today about chimpanzees comes from the groundbreaking, long-term research of the great conservationist, Jane Goodall. Jane Goodall was born in London, England, on April 3, 1934. On her second birthday, her father gave her a toy chimpanzee named Jubilee. Jubilee was named after a baby chimp in the London Zoo, and seemed to foretell the course Jane"s life would take. To this day, Jubilee sits in a chair in Jane"s London home. From an early age, Jane was fascinated by animals and animal stories. By the age of 10, she was talking about going to Africa to live among the animals there. At the time, in the early 1940s, this was a radical idea because women did not go to Africa by themselves. As a young woman, Jane finished school in London, attended secretarial school, and then worked for a documentary filmmaker for a while. When a school friend invited her to visit Kenya, she worked as a waitress until she had earned the fare to travel there by boat. She was 23 years old. Once in Kenya, she met Dr. Louis Leakey, a famous paleontologist and anthropologist. He was impressed with her thorough knowledge of Africa and its wildlife, and hired her to assist him and his wife on a fossil-hunting expedition to Olduvai Gorge. Dr. Leakey soon realized that Jane was the perfect person to complete a study he had been planning for some time. She expressed her interest in the idea of studying animals by living in the wild with them, rather than studying dead animals through paleontology. Dr. Leakey and Jane began planning a study of a group of chimpanzees who were living on the shores of Lake Tanganyika in Kenya. At first, the British authorities would not approve their plan. At the time, they thought it was too dangerous for a woman to live in the wilds of Africa alone. But Jane"s mother, Vanne, agreed to join her so that she would not be alone. Finally, the authorities gave Jane the clearance she needed in order to go to Africa and begin her study. In July of 1960, Jane and her mother arrived at Gombe National Park in what was then called Tanganyika and is now called Tanzania. Jane faced many challenges as she began her work. The chimpanzees did not accept her right away, and it took months for them to get used to her presence in their territory. But she was very patient and remained focused on her goal. Little by little, she was able to enter their world. At first, she was able to watch the chimpanzees only from a great distance, using binoculars. As time passed, she was able to move her observation point closer to them while still using camouflage. Eventually, she was able to sit among them, touching, patting, and even feeding them. It was an amazing accomplishment for Jane, and a breakthrough in the study of animals in the wild. Jane named all of the chimpanzees that she studied, stating in her journals that she felt they each had a unique personality. One of the first significant observations that Jane made during the study was that chimpanzees make and use tools, much like humans do, to help them get food. It was previously thought that humans alone used tools. Also thanks to Jane"s research, we now know that chimps eat meat as well as plants and fruits. In many ways, she has helped us to see how chimpanzees and humans are similar. In doing so, she has made us more sympathetic toward these creatures, while helping us to better understand ourselves. The study started by Jane Goodall in 1960 is now the longest field study of any animal species in their natural habitat. Research continues to this day in Gombe and is conducted by a team of trained Tanzanians. Jane"s life has included much more than just her study of the chimps in Tanzania. She pursued a graduate degree while still conducting her study, receiving her Ph. D. from Cambridge University in 1965. In 1984, she received the J. Paul Getty Wildlife Conservation Prize for "helping millions of people understand the importance of wildlife conservation to life on this planet. " She has been married twice; first to a photographer and then to the director of National Parks. She has one son. Dr. Jane Goodall is now the world"s most renowned authority on chimpanzees, having studied their behavior for nearly 40 years. She has published many scientific articles, has written two books, and has won numerous awards for her groundbreaking work. The Jane Goodall Institute for Wildlife Research, Education, and Conservation was founded in 1977 in California but moved to the Washington, D. C. , area in 1998. Its goal is to take the actions necessary to improve the environment for all living things. Dr. Goodall now travels extensively, giving lectures, visiting zoos and chimp sanctuaries, and talking to young people involved in environmental education. She is truly a great conservationist and an amazing human being.What is the main idea of this article

A．Chimpanzees are amazing creatures with unique personalities.
B．Humans are vary similar to chimpanzees and can learn a great deal by studying them.
C．Africa is full of wildlife that must be both preserved and studied.
D．Jane Goodall has taught us a great deal about animal behavior and wildlife conservation.

单项选择题

When you think of psychotherapy, the first image that comes to mind might be one of a distressed patient lying on a couch, talking, while a desk-bound therapist takes notes. But while traditional talk therapy can help people struggling with depression, anxiety and the stresses of daily life, the latest research on the brain and the mind-body connection has sparked a proliferation of approaches that may reach deeper levels of emotional healing than talking alone. Talking takes place in the cognitive, or " thinking, " part of the brain, and our thoughts are often the problem. To help combat negative or obsessive thinking, many new therapeutic approaches focus on letting go of thoughts and becoming anchored into bodily sensations. Though alternative treatments will probably never replace traditional talk therapy, new psychotherapeutic approaches can be used in conjunction with talk therapy to help people achieve optimal mental health. Alternative treatments range from techniques that are championed by mainstream mental health professionals to practices that are less frequently employed. Here is a glimpse into four of the more widely accepted nontraditional approaches, each with an element of mind-body awareness. Rooted in Buddhist meditation techniques, mindfulness practice is usually taught in a group, in which people learn to focus on their breath and body sensations in moment-to-moment awareness. Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that teaches people to use their imaginations to achieve a relaxed, focused state. Under the guidance of a therapist or CD, listeners use their senses to evoke positive, safe, relaxing images. Somatic experiencing is a body-focused intervention used to discharge tension that is stored in the body following a traumatic event. The therapist directs the patient to revisit the event in small doses while focusing on body sensations, guiding the patient to shift focus back and forth between the traumatic memory and an image of comfort and safety. As fears dissipate throughout the patient"s body, gentle touch or movement is used to help ground the person in the present moment. In a typical session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a patient revisits traumatic memories while following a pendulating object(such as a therapist"s waving finger)with the eyes. Originally developed to help veterans who suffered from PTSD, clinicians now use the therapy to treat such problems as anxiety and addiction. Frequently, the eye movements are replaced with audio tones alternating in each ear through headphones. The treatment also incorporates other mind-body approaches, such as focusing on body sensations and evoking images of positive resources that can help the patient work through disturbing events.What is the author"s purpose of writing this passage

A．To examine the weakness and strengths of traditional talk psychotherapy.
B．To introduce some psychotherapy approaches which have been based on mind-body connection research.
C．To explain the importance of research on the brain and the mind-body connection as well as the application of the research.
D．To guide people how to choose a suitable approach of psychotherapy.

单项选择题

When you think of psychotherapy, the first image that comes to mind might be one of a distressed patient lying on a couch, talking, while a desk-bound therapist takes notes. But while traditional talk therapy can help people struggling with depression, anxiety and the stresses of daily life, the latest research on the brain and the mind-body connection has sparked a proliferation of approaches that may reach deeper levels of emotional healing than talking alone. Talking takes place in the cognitive, or " thinking, " part of the brain, and our thoughts are often the problem. To help combat negative or obsessive thinking, many new therapeutic approaches focus on letting go of thoughts and becoming anchored into bodily sensations. Though alternative treatments will probably never replace traditional talk therapy, new psychotherapeutic approaches can be used in conjunction with talk therapy to help people achieve optimal mental health. Alternative treatments range from techniques that are championed by mainstream mental health professionals to practices that are less frequently employed. Here is a glimpse into four of the more widely accepted nontraditional approaches, each with an element of mind-body awareness. Rooted in Buddhist meditation techniques, mindfulness practice is usually taught in a group, in which people learn to focus on their breath and body sensations in moment-to-moment awareness. Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that teaches people to use their imaginations to achieve a relaxed, focused state. Under the guidance of a therapist or CD, listeners use their senses to evoke positive, safe, relaxing images. Somatic experiencing is a body-focused intervention used to discharge tension that is stored in the body following a traumatic event. The therapist directs the patient to revisit the event in small doses while focusing on body sensations, guiding the patient to shift focus back and forth between the traumatic memory and an image of comfort and safety. As fears dissipate throughout the patient"s body, gentle touch or movement is used to help ground the person in the present moment. In a typical session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a patient revisits traumatic memories while following a pendulating object(such as a therapist"s waving finger)with the eyes. Originally developed to help veterans who suffered from PTSD, clinicians now use the therapy to treat such problems as anxiety and addiction. Frequently, the eye movements are replaced with audio tones alternating in each ear through headphones. The treatment also incorporates other mind-body approaches, such as focusing on body sensations and evoking images of positive resources that can help the patient work through disturbing events.According to the passage, what is the major difference between talk therapy and the new approaches

A．Traditional talk therapy focuses on thoughts, while the new approaches attach importance to body sensations and mind-body connections.
B．Traditional talk therapy is conducted individually, while the new approaches are taught in a group.
C．Traditional talk therapy is stressing, while the new approaches are relaxing.
D．Traditional talk therapists use voice to treat patients, while therapists employing the new approaches use objects, such as fingers, CDs, and pictures.

单项选择题

When you think of psychotherapy, the first image that comes to mind might be one of a distressed patient lying on a couch, talking, while a desk-bound therapist takes notes. But while traditional talk therapy can help people struggling with depression, anxiety and the stresses of daily life, the latest research on the brain and the mind-body connection has sparked a proliferation of approaches that may reach deeper levels of emotional healing than talking alone. Talking takes place in the cognitive, or " thinking, " part of the brain, and our thoughts are often the problem. To help combat negative or obsessive thinking, many new therapeutic approaches focus on letting go of thoughts and becoming anchored into bodily sensations. Though alternative treatments will probably never replace traditional talk therapy, new psychotherapeutic approaches can be used in conjunction with talk therapy to help people achieve optimal mental health. Alternative treatments range from techniques that are championed by mainstream mental health professionals to practices that are less frequently employed. Here is a glimpse into four of the more widely accepted nontraditional approaches, each with an element of mind-body awareness. Rooted in Buddhist meditation techniques, mindfulness practice is usually taught in a group, in which people learn to focus on their breath and body sensations in moment-to-moment awareness. Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that teaches people to use their imaginations to achieve a relaxed, focused state. Under the guidance of a therapist or CD, listeners use their senses to evoke positive, safe, relaxing images. Somatic experiencing is a body-focused intervention used to discharge tension that is stored in the body following a traumatic event. The therapist directs the patient to revisit the event in small doses while focusing on body sensations, guiding the patient to shift focus back and forth between the traumatic memory and an image of comfort and safety. As fears dissipate throughout the patient"s body, gentle touch or movement is used to help ground the person in the present moment. In a typical session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a patient revisits traumatic memories while following a pendulating object(such as a therapist"s waving finger)with the eyes. Originally developed to help veterans who suffered from PTSD, clinicians now use the therapy to treat such problems as anxiety and addiction. Frequently, the eye movements are replaced with audio tones alternating in each ear through headphones. The treatment also incorporates other mind-body approaches, such as focusing on body sensations and evoking images of positive resources that can help the patient work through disturbing events.To achieve the best treatment effect, what approaches should be adopted

A．Traditional talk therapy and mindfulness practice.
B．Mindfulness practice and guided imagery.
C．Somatic experiencing and eye movement desensitization.
D．The new mind-body approaches used together with talk therapy.

单项选择题

When you think of psychotherapy, the first image that comes to mind might be one of a distressed patient lying on a couch, talking, while a desk-bound therapist takes notes. But while traditional talk therapy can help people struggling with depression, anxiety and the stresses of daily life, the latest research on the brain and the mind-body connection has sparked a proliferation of approaches that may reach deeper levels of emotional healing than talking alone. Talking takes place in the cognitive, or " thinking, " part of the brain, and our thoughts are often the problem. To help combat negative or obsessive thinking, many new therapeutic approaches focus on letting go of thoughts and becoming anchored into bodily sensations. Though alternative treatments will probably never replace traditional talk therapy, new psychotherapeutic approaches can be used in conjunction with talk therapy to help people achieve optimal mental health. Alternative treatments range from techniques that are championed by mainstream mental health professionals to practices that are less frequently employed. Here is a glimpse into four of the more widely accepted nontraditional approaches, each with an element of mind-body awareness. Rooted in Buddhist meditation techniques, mindfulness practice is usually taught in a group, in which people learn to focus on their breath and body sensations in moment-to-moment awareness. Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that teaches people to use their imaginations to achieve a relaxed, focused state. Under the guidance of a therapist or CD, listeners use their senses to evoke positive, safe, relaxing images. Somatic experiencing is a body-focused intervention used to discharge tension that is stored in the body following a traumatic event. The therapist directs the patient to revisit the event in small doses while focusing on body sensations, guiding the patient to shift focus back and forth between the traumatic memory and an image of comfort and safety. As fears dissipate throughout the patient"s body, gentle touch or movement is used to help ground the person in the present moment. In a typical session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a patient revisits traumatic memories while following a pendulating object(such as a therapist"s waving finger)with the eyes. Originally developed to help veterans who suffered from PTSD, clinicians now use the therapy to treat such problems as anxiety and addiction. Frequently, the eye movements are replaced with audio tones alternating in each ear through headphones. The treatment also incorporates other mind-body approaches, such as focusing on body sensations and evoking images of positive resources that can help the patient work through disturbing events.What is true about somatic experiencing approach

A．The somatic experiencing approach makes patients" body experience tension.
B．The somatic experiencing approach asks patients to revisit the place where the bad event happened.
C．The somatic experiencing approach asks patients to stand still on the ground.
D．The somatic experiencing approach guides patients to switch focus between bad memory and image of comfort and safety.

单项选择题

When you think of psychotherapy, the first image that comes to mind might be one of a distressed patient lying on a couch, talking, while a desk-bound therapist takes notes. But while traditional talk therapy can help people struggling with depression, anxiety and the stresses of daily life, the latest research on the brain and the mind-body connection has sparked a proliferation of approaches that may reach deeper levels of emotional healing than talking alone. Talking takes place in the cognitive, or " thinking, " part of the brain, and our thoughts are often the problem. To help combat negative or obsessive thinking, many new therapeutic approaches focus on letting go of thoughts and becoming anchored into bodily sensations. Though alternative treatments will probably never replace traditional talk therapy, new psychotherapeutic approaches can be used in conjunction with talk therapy to help people achieve optimal mental health. Alternative treatments range from techniques that are championed by mainstream mental health professionals to practices that are less frequently employed. Here is a glimpse into four of the more widely accepted nontraditional approaches, each with an element of mind-body awareness. Rooted in Buddhist meditation techniques, mindfulness practice is usually taught in a group, in which people learn to focus on their breath and body sensations in moment-to-moment awareness. Guided imagery is a mind-body technique that teaches people to use their imaginations to achieve a relaxed, focused state. Under the guidance of a therapist or CD, listeners use their senses to evoke positive, safe, relaxing images. Somatic experiencing is a body-focused intervention used to discharge tension that is stored in the body following a traumatic event. The therapist directs the patient to revisit the event in small doses while focusing on body sensations, guiding the patient to shift focus back and forth between the traumatic memory and an image of comfort and safety. As fears dissipate throughout the patient"s body, gentle touch or movement is used to help ground the person in the present moment. In a typical session of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing, a patient revisits traumatic memories while following a pendulating object(such as a therapist"s waving finger)with the eyes. Originally developed to help veterans who suffered from PTSD, clinicians now use the therapy to treat such problems as anxiety and addiction. Frequently, the eye movements are replaced with audio tones alternating in each ear through headphones. The treatment also incorporates other mind-body approaches, such as focusing on body sensations and evoking images of positive resources that can help the patient work through disturbing events.How does a therapist conduct eye movement desensitization approach

A．The therapist asks the patient to move their eyes as fast as possible.
B．The therapist asks the patient to put on headphones while they see pictures.
C．The therapist asks the patient to follow the movement of an object when thinking about bad memories.
D．The therapist asks the patient to listen to music while following the movement of another person.

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