专业英语四级题库_大学英语题库

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： H。[解析] 本题考查形容词。空格前面为冠词a，后面是名词tool，可知空格处应填入形容词。此处意为“一般使用工具来给人...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： C。[解析] 该空格位于With引导的介词短语中，由短语中的or和hidden可推知，所填词应是hidden的并列结构，...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： K。[解析] 本题考查形容词。原句大意为“当关节扭伤和肌肉拉紧时，其功能没有关节和肌肉正常的时候好”。此处由and连接的...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： L。[解析] 该空格位于动词helped之后，名词prices之前，据此判断应填入动词原形，构成help do sth....

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： I。[解析] 本题考查动词。O项causes意为“导致”，I项made意为“使得”，从语义上看，两者均符合，但是从语法上...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： M。[解析] 空格位于后置定语中，用来补充说明在线评价平台涉及的领域，故应填入现在分词，且能与in构成固定搭配。备选动词...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： L。[解析] 本题考查动词。根据前面主语another machine-可判断，该处谓语动词应为第三人称单数形式，故答案...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： K。[解析] 空格位于by引导的介词短语里，表示动作的实施者，由此推断应填入表示人或机构的名词。备选名词为profess...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： N。[解析] 本题考查代词。本题考查定语从句的关系代词。空格前面有介词upon，关系代词在从句中作宾语，所以只能用whi...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： E。[解析] 空格位于has之后，宾语a new relationship之前，据此判断应填入过去分词。由宾语a new...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： A。[解析] 本题考查名词。由空格前面的One可知，此处应填一个单数名词。结合句意“用该机器进行实验得出的一个结论是三条...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： A。[解析] 由空格前的are much more可以推断应填入形容词。结合后半句中的powerful和improve ...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： C。[解析] 本题考查形容词。由上文可推知，此处是指三条腿的活梯更安全、更稳固，故答案可锁定在B项与C项。solid意为...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： F。[解析] 该空格位于形容词powerful之后，动词不定式to improve之前，据此判断应填入名词。根据上下文推...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： M。[解析] 本题考查名词。由空格前的first和空格后的is可判断此处应填一个单数名词。结合句意“Tichauer博士...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： B。[解析] 该空格位于名词所有格之后，据此判断应填入名词。备选名词中，符合语境的是capacity“能力”，表示“网站...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： J。[解析] 本题考查形容词。此处所指的工作应该与前文提到的生产线上的工作相类似，但这里并非指具体的某种劳动，而manu...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： H。[解析] 该空格位于be动词之后，可填入形容词或者动词的过去分词。文章末段第二、三句主要讲述好的评论的重要作用，故空...

填空题

A. conclusion B. solid C. stable D. that
E. hazard F. exaggerated G. perspective H. regular
I. made J. manual K. twisted L. measures
M. thought N. which O. causes
Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human "guine a pig" is tested using a 1 tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. 2 joints and stretched muscles cannot behave as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.
One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph, 3 visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle. Another machine 4 any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon 5 to base a new design. One 6 of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more 7 and safer to use than one with four legs.
This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer"s first 8 is for the health of the tool user. With the 46 repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light 9 work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety 10 .

答案： E。[解析] 本题考查名词。根据原句中的is a可判断，此处应填入一个单数名词。结合句意“长此以往，这种压力能导致人残疾...

填空题

A. accountable B. capacity C. controlled D. entail
E. forged F. incentives G. occasionally H. overstated
I. persisting J. pessimistic K. professionals L. slash
M. specializing N. spectators O. subsequently
Travel websites have been around since the 1990s, when Expedia, Travelocity, and other holiday booking sites were launched, allowing travelers to compare flight and hotel prices with the click of a mouse. With information no longer 11 by travel agents or hidden in business networks, the travel industry was revolutionized, as greater transparency helped 12 prices.
Today, the industry is going through a new revolution—this time transforming service quality. Online rating platforms 13 in hotels, restaurants, apartments and taxis—allow travelers to exchange reviews and experiences for all to see.
Hospitality businesses are now ranked, analyzed and compared not by industry 14 , but by the very people for whom the service is intended—the customer. This has 15 a new relationship between buyer and seller. Customers have always voted with their feet; they can now explain their decision to anyone who is interested. As a result, businesses are much more 16 , often in very specific ways, which creates powerful 17 to improve service.
Although some readers might not care for gossipy reports of unfriendly bellboys (行李员) in Berlin or malfunctioning hotel hairdryers in Houston, the true power of online reviews lies not just in the individual stories, but in the websites 18 to aggregate a large volume of ratings.
The impact cannot be 19 Businesses that attract top ratings can enjoy rapid growth, as new customers are attracted by good reviews and 20 provide yet more positive feedback. So great is the influence of online ratings that many companies now hire digital reputation managers to ensure a favorable online identity.

答案： O。[解析] 该空格位于动词provide之前，而且空格所在句子并不缺少主要成分，因此推断此处应填入副词。由空格所在句中...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： L。[解析] 第一段主要提出了行为学家和认知派研究专家对于额外奖励的不同看法，因此可以推断出此处应填与destroy意思...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： I。[解析] 由空格后的and gift可知此处应填名词。可选项为：B．promise“允诺，许诺”；E．hope“希望...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： F。[解析] 空格处应填副词。可选项有generally和especially，但从文章后面所举的例子来理解，此处是为了...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： J。[解析] 空格处应填形容词。备选项为：A．mental“精神的”：H．ordinary“普通的”；J．monetar...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： G。[解析] 由空格前后的两个名词inducements和inventiveness可知，空格处应填谓语动词，且使用一般...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： M。[解析] 由空格前后的副词relatively和名词task可知，此处应填形容词。备选项为：A．mental“精神的...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： C。[解析] 由it"s easy to do的不定式结构可知，此处应填动词原形。备选单词为：C．kill“扼杀”；D．...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： H。[解析] 此处应填形容词。A．mental“精神的”；H．ordinary“普通的”：O．excellent“卓越的...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： N。[解析] 由空格前的and可知，空格处单词应与tighten并列，此处应填动词。备选单词为：D．avoid“避免”；...

填空题

A. mental B. promise C. kill D. avoid E. hope
F. especially G. aid H. ordinary I. approval J. monetary
K. generally L. improve M. challenging N. restore O. excellent
Psychologists take opposing views of how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can 21 performance at work and school. Cognitive (认识派的) researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on 22 and gifts from others.
The latter view has gained many supporters, 23 among educators. But the careful use of small 24 rewards speaks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed 25 inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology .
"If kids know they"re working for a reward and can focus on a relatively 26 task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. "But it"s easy to 27 creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards.
A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands our high grades for 28 achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and 29 failing grades.
In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle challenging problems and receive performance-based points to ward valued rewards, shows 30 in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.

答案： B。[解析] 由动词shows可知，此处应填名词。备选项为：B．promise“允诺”；E．hope“期望”。语境为：实...

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