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The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.It can be inferred that the Virginia Assembly, by passing a law regarding building construction, hoped to ______.

A．increase the manufacture of bricks
B．prevent the destruction of trees in the area of Jamestown
C．establish a city that would be an example for the future
D．discourage people from settling in Jamestown
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单项选择题

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.What is the subject of this passage

A．The reasons for brick-making in Jamestown.
B．The cause of the failure of Jamestown.
C．The laws of the Virginia colonists.
D．The problems of the early American colonies.
单项选择题

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives. They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out," said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.The passage is mainly about ______.

A．a new medical invention
B．a new research on memories
C．a way of erasing painful memories
D．an argument about the research on the pill
单项选择题

BAGHDAD, Iraq—Gunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.
Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.
The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.
According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimi"s office, three armed men intercepted(拦截)the journalist"s car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimi"s office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.
Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.
On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U.S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers—two Canadians, a Briton and an American.We can learn from the text that ______.

A．the American journalist was kidnapped on the way to cover another abduction
B．the American journalist"s translator died as soon as he was struck
C．the police was told the abduction by a passer-by
D．the abduction happened inside the city of Baghdad
单项选择题

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies, were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life—and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.What regulation was issued by New York State concerning beverage containers

A．Beverage companies should be responsible for collecting and reusing discarded plastic soda bottles.
B．Throwaways should be collected by the state for recycling.
C．A fee should be charged on used containers for recycling.
D．Consumers had to pay for beverage containers and could get their money back on returning them.
单项选择题

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective (主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May , 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse(滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture"s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn"t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues(雕像) are not holy.More can be learned about a culture from a study of art history than general history because ______.

A．art history shows us nothing but the political values
B．general history only focuses on politics
C．art history gives us an insight(洞察力) into the essential qualities of a time and a place
D．general history concerns only religious beliefs, emotions and psychology
单项选择题

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.
The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Playstations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!The passage is mainly about ______.

A．benefits of a healthy life style
B．demands of daily life
C．factors affecting a healthy lifestyle
D．a positive approach to healthy living
单项选择题

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.Which of the following was NOT a reason for using bricks in construction

A．Wood had to be brought from some distance.
B．There was considerable clay available.
C．The lumbering process depended on good roads.
D．The timber was not of good quality.
单项选择题

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives. They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out," said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.The drug tested on people can ______.

A．cause the brain to fix memories
B．stop people remembering their experiences
C．prevent body producing certain chemicals
D．wipe out the emotional effects of memories
单项选择题

BAGHDAD, Iraq—Gunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.
Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.
The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.
According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimi"s office, three armed men intercepted(拦截)the journalist"s car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimi"s office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.
Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.
On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U.S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers—two Canadians, a Briton and an American.Why did the insurgents kidnap the American journalist

A．Only to rob her of her money.
B．To rape her.
C．Only to take her hostage.
D．To make American troops out of Iraq.
单项选择题

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective (主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May , 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse(滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture"s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn"t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues(雕像) are not holy.Art is subjective in that ______.

A．a personal and emotional view of history is presented through it
B．it only reflects people"s anger or sadness about social problems
C．it can easily arouse people"s anger about their government
D．artists were or are religious, who reflect only the religious aspect of the society
单项选择题

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies, were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life—and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.The returned plastic bottles in New York used to ______.

A．end up somewhere underground
B．be turned into raw materials
C．have a second life value
D．be separated from other rubbish
单项选择题

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.
The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Playstations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!The word "sedentary" in Paragraph 4 probable means ______.

A．having a lot of things to do
B．involving little exercise or physical activity
C．being isolated from the outside world
D．experiencing a lot of stress
单项选择题

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.It can be inferred from the passage that Jamestown was established on ______.

A．a rocky peninsula with a small forest area
B．a barren peninsula near other towns
C．an uninhabitable peninsula with few natural resources
D．a wooded peninsula with clay soil
单项选择题

BAGHDAD, Iraq—Gunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.
Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.
The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.
According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimi"s office, three armed men intercepted(拦截)the journalist"s car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimi"s office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.
Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.
On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U.S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers—two Canadians, a Briton and an American.The underlined word "released" in paragraph 5 means ______.

A．set free
B．caused to move freely
C．made known
D．given up
单项选择题

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives. They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out," said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.We can infer from the passage that ______.

A．people doubt the effects of the pills
B．the pill will stop people"s bad experiences
C．taking the pill will do harm to people"s health
D．the pill has probably been produced in America
单项选择题

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies, were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life—and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.The key problem in dealing with returned plastic beverage containers is ______.

A．to sell them at a profitable price
B．how to turn them into useful things
C．how to reduce their recycling costs
D．to lower the prices for used materials
单项选择题

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.
The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Playstations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as a factor leading to the popularity of fast food

A．Cheap price.
B．The media.
C．Busy lifestyle.
D．Convenience.
单项选择题

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective (主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May , 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse(滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture"s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn"t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues(雕像) are not holy.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage

A．In history books political views of people are entirely presented.
B．Francisco Goya expressed his religious belief in his paintingThe Third of May, 1808.
C．In the Middle East, you can hardly find animal or human figures on palaces or other buildings.
D．For centuries in Europe, painters had only painted on walls of churches or other religious buildings.
单项选择题

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.It can be inferred that the Virginia Assembly, by passing a law regarding building construction, hoped to ______.

A．increase the manufacture of bricks
B．prevent the destruction of trees in the area of Jamestown
C．establish a city that would be an example for the future
D．discourage people from settling in Jamestown
单项选择题

BAGHDAD, Iraq—Gunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.
Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.
The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.
According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimi"s office, three armed men intercepted(拦截)the journalist"s car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimi"s office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.
Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.
On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U.S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers—two Canadians, a Briton and an American.We can infer from the passage that ______.

A．the French engineer must have done something to do with the American journalist
B．the French engineer mentioned in the passage must have done something bad to Iraq
C．France probably has something to do with the US troops stationed in Iraq
D．the French engineer mentioned in the passage must be a spy
单项选择题

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives. They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out," said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.Which of the following does Rebecca Dresser agree with

A．Some memories can ruin people"s lives.
B．People want to get rid of bad memories.
C．Experiencing bad events makes us different from others.
D．The pill will reduce people"s sufferings from bad memories.
单项选择题

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.
The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Playstations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!Which is NOT listed as a factor influencing the ability to have a healthy lifestyle

A．Pollution.
B．Economic factors.
C．Dependence upon cars.
D．Influence of family or friends.
单项选择题

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies, were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life—and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.Recycling has become the first choice for the disposal of rubbish because ______.

A．local governments find it easy to manage
B．recycling has great appeal for the jobless
C．recycling causes little pollution
D．other methods are more expensive
单项选择题

The development of Jamestown in Virginia during the second half of the seventeenth century was closely related to the making and using of bricks. There were several practical reasons why bricks became important to the colony. Although the forests could initially supply sufficient timber, the process of lumbering was extremely difficult, particularly because of the lack of roads. Later, when the timber on the peninsula had been depleted, wood had to be brought from some distance. Building stone were also in short supply. However, as clay was plentiful, it was inevitable that the colonists would turn to brick-making.
In addition to practical reasons for using brick as the principal construction material, there was also an ideological reason. Brick represented durability and permanence. The Virginia Company of London instructed the colonists to build hospitals and new residences out of brick. In 1662, the Town Act of the Virginia Assembly provided for the construction of thirty-two brick buildings and prohibited the use of wood as a construction material. Had this law ever been successfully enforced, Jamestown would have been a model city. Instead, the residents failed to comply fully with the law. By 1699, Jamestown had collapsed into a pile of rubble with only three or four habitable houses.According to the passage, what eventually happened to Jamestown

A．It was practically destroyed.
B．It became a model city.
C．It remained the seat of government.
D．It was almost completed.
单项选择题

Not all memories are sweet. Some people spend all their lives trying to forget bad experiences. Violence and traffic accidents can leave people with terrible physical and emotional scars. Often they relive these experiences in nightmares (噩梦).
Now American researchers think they are close to developing a pill, which will help people forget bad memories. The pill is designed to be taken immediately after a frightening experience. They hope it might reduce, or possibly erase(抹去), the effect of painful memories.
In November, experts tested a drug on people in the US and France. The drug stops the body releasing chemicals that fix memories in the brain. So far the research has suggested that only the emotional effects of memories may be reduced, not that the memories are erased.
The research has caused a great deal of argument. Some think it is a bad idea, while others support it.
Supporters say it could lead to pills that prevent or treat soldiers" troubling memories after war. They say that there are many people who suffer from terrible memories.
"Some memories can ruin people"s lives. They come back to you when you don"t want to have them in a daydream or nightmare. They usually come with very painful emotions," said Roger Pitman, a professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School. "This could relieve a lot of that suffering."
But those who are against the research say that it is very dangerous to change memories because memories give us our identity (特质). They also help us all avoid the mistakes of the past.
"All of us can think of bad events in our lives that were horrible at the time but make us who we are. I"m not sure we want to wipe those memories out," said Rebecca Dresser, a medical ethicist.The word "scars" in Paragraph One is close in meaning to ______.

A．good stories
B．pains
C．experiences
D．memories
单项选择题

BAGHDAD, Iraq—Gunmen kidnapped a female American journalist and killed her Iraqi translator Saturday, Jan. 7th, in western Baghdad, an Interior Ministry official said.
Maj. Falah Mohamadawi said the translator told police before he died that the abduction took place when he and the journalist were heading to meet Adnan al-Dulaimi, head of the Sunni Arab Iraqi Accordance Front, in the Adel section of the city.
The neighborhood is dominated by Sunni Arabs and considered one of the toughest in Baghdad.
According to Samir Najim, a guard at al-Dulaimi"s office, three armed men intercepted(拦截)the journalist"s car and shot the translator before taking her in their car and driving away. The kidnapping took place about 100 yards from al-Dulaimi"s office. Insurgents have kidnapped more than 250 foreigners in the past two years, aiming to force U. S. troops to leave Iraq or prevent Arab nations from strengthening their ties with the Baghdad government.
Some of the hostages were killed, while others were released after ransoms were paid or freed after Muslim clerics called the armed groups to release them.
On Dec. 8, the Islamic Army in Iraq claimed to have killed U.S. electrician Ronald Schulz. Other groups are holding a French engineer and four Christian humanitarian workers—two Canadians, a Briton and an American.What did the insurgents do with the hostages

A．They killed the hostages all after they caught them.
B．They either got rid of them or freed them; it all depended.
C．They did nothing to the hostages; they only used them to threaten the American troops.
D．They cared for the hostages very well just to use them to advise the American authorities to withdraw troops from Iraq.
单项选择题

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective (主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May , 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse(滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture"s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn"t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues(雕像) are not holy.The passage mainly discusses ______.

A．the development of art history
B．the difference between general history and art history
C．what we can learn from art
D．the influence of artists on art history
单项选择题

There are many factors which may have an influence on adults and children being able to lead a healthy life.
Nowadays, people are very busy. Often, both parents work outside the home. Children are expected to take on more responsibility at home to help their parents. They also have sporting and leisure activities as well as school expectations.
The busyness also adds another factor: the need to use cars to get from one place to another quickly.
Today, society places a lot of emphasis on technology. Computers, DVDs, CDs, television, Playstations have become major leisure activities, rather than traditional more active pursuits. This has led to a more sedentary lifestyle.
The media provide entertainment and information. Unfortunately, they also promote fast food which fits easily into busy lifestyles. It is much more convenient at times to buy a quick takeaway rather than prepare a meal. The media constantly bombard (轰炸) their audience with "perfect" body images, the need to buy the most fashionable clothes, the most up-to-date computer games, the best places to visit and the best things to do.
Environments vary. We may be exposed to pollution, such as cigarette smoke. This can be harmful to people who suffer from breathing difficulties. Environments where passive smoking is unavoidable make it difficult to lead a healthy life.
Perhaps the important factor influencing healthy lifestyles is motivation, or the desire to be healthy. Any person who wants to be healthy will find a way to be healthy—if he/she is motivated enough!According to the author, ______ may be the most important factor influencing healthy lifestyles.

A．technology
B．cultural background
C．environment
D．the desire to be healthy
单项选择题

In 1993, New York State ordered stores to charge a deposit on beverage (饮料) containers. Within a year, consumers had returned millions of aluminum cans and glass and plastic bottles. Plenty of companies, were eager to accept the aluminum and glass as raw materials for new products, but because few could figure out what to do with the plastic, much of it would be buried in landfills(垃圾填埋场). The problem was not limited to New York. Unfortunately, there were too few uses for second hand plastic.
Today, one out of five plastic soda bottles is recycled in the United States. The reason for the change is that now there are dozens of companies across the country buying discarded plastic soda bottles and turning them into fence posts, paint brushes, etc.
As the New York experience shows, recycling involves more than simply separating valuable materials from the rest of the rubbish. A discard remains a discard until somebody figures out how to give it a second life—and until economic arrangements exist to give that second life value. Without adequate markets to absorb materials collected for recycling, throwaways actually depress prices for used materials.
Shrinking landfill space, and rising costs for burying and burning rubbish are forcing local governments to look more closely at recycling. In many areas, the East Coast especially, recycling is already the least expensive waste management option. For every ton of waste recycled, a city avoids paying for its disposal, which, in parts of New York, amounts to savings of more than $100 per ton. Recycling also stimulates the local economy by creating jobs and trims the pollution control and energy costs of industries that make recycled products by giving them a more refined raw material.It can be concluded from the passage that ______.

A．rubbish is a potential remedy for the shortage of raw materials
B．local governments in the U.S. can expect big profits from recycling
C．recycling is to be recommended both economically and environmentally
D．landfills will still be widely used for waste disposal
单项选择题

A study of art history might be a good way to learn more about a culture than is possible to learn in general history classes. Most typical history courses concentrate on politics, economics and war. But art history focuses on much more than this because art reflects not only the political values of a people, but also religious beliefs, emotions and psychology. In addition, information about the daily activities of our ancestors can be provided by art. In short, art expresses the essential qualities of a time and a place, and a study of it clearly offers us a deeper understanding than can be found in most history books.
In history books, objective information about the political life of a country is presented; that is, facts about politics are given, but opinions are not expressed. Art, on the other hand, is subjective (主观的): it reflects emotions and opinions. The great Spanish painter Francisco Goya was perhaps the first truly "political" artist. In his well-known painting The Third of May , 1808, he criticized the Spanish government for its abuse(滥用) of power over people.
In the same way, art can reflect a culture"s religious beliefs. For hundreds of years in Europe, religious art had been almost the only type of art that existed. Churches and other religious buildings were filled with paintings that described people and stories from the Bible. Although most people couldn"t read, they could still understand the Bible stories in the pictures on church walls. By contrast, one of the main characteristics of art in the Middle East was (and still is) its absence of human and animal images. This reflects the Islamic belief that statues(雕像) are not holy.It can be concluded from the passage that ______.

A．Islamic artists paint images of plants, animals in their paintings
B．it is more difficult to study art history than general history
C．a history teacher must be quite objective
D．artists painted people or stories from the Bible to hide their political beliefs
单项选择题

Blind people can "see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).
Manufacturers (生产商) have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, which yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive (刺激). For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.Our preferences for certain colors are ______ according to the passage.

A．associated with the time of the day
B．dependent on our personalities
C．are linked with our ancestors
D．partly due to psychological factors
单项选择题

The Pentagon headquarters of the Department of Defense in the US is one of the world"s largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledge of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defense establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.
The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to the planning and execution of the defense over approximately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approximately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 1,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 soft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.
Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various decorations, the building alone is an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War, it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.Which of the following statements about the Pentagon is TRUE

A．Most Americans know about it.
B．It is now open to the public.
C．Around 23,000 workers contribute to its planning.
D．It is one of the world"s tallest buildings.
单项选择题

Blind people can "see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).
Manufacturers (生产商) have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, which yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive (刺激). For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.If people are exposed to bright red, which of the following things does NOT happen

A．They breathe faster.
B．They feel satisfied.
C．Their blood pressure rises.
D．Their hearts beat faster.
单项选择题

The Pentagon headquarters of the Department of Defense in the US is one of the world"s largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledge of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defense establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.
The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to the planning and execution of the defense over approximately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approximately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 1,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 soft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.
Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various decorations, the building alone is an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War, it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.Which of the following statements about the transportation of the Pentagon is NOT true

A．It is accessible by subway.
B．People have to walk a lot to reach offices.
C．People can go there by bus.
D．The parking lots cover 200 acres of land.
单项选择题

Blind people can "see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).
Manufacturers (生产商) have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, which yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive (刺激). For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage

A．Color probably has an effect on us which we are not conscious of.
B．Yellow fire engines have caused many bad accidents in some advanced communities.
C．People exposed to pure blue start to breathe more slowly.
D．The psychology of color is of some practical use.
单项选择题

The Pentagon headquarters of the Department of Defense in the US is one of the world"s largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledge of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defense establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.
The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to the planning and execution of the defense over approximately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approximately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 1,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 soft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.
Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various decorations, the building alone is an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War, it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.Why does the author quote so many figures in the second paragraph

A．To show that he knew quite a lot about the Pentagon.
B．To show the large scale of the Pentagon.
C．To show that it costs a lot of money to keep the Pentagon going.
D．To show that Pentagon is a privileged place.
单项选择题

Blind people can "see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).
Manufacturers (生产商) have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, which yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive (刺激). For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage

A．Manufacturers often sell sugar in green wrapping.
B．Dark blue brings people the feeling of being energetic.
C．Primitive people associated heat and anger with red.
D．Green and yellow are associated with calm and passive defense.
单项选择题

The Pentagon headquarters of the Department of Defense in the US is one of the world"s largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledge of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defense establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.
The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to the planning and execution of the defense over approximately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approximately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 1,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 soft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.
Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various decorations, the building alone is an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War, it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.Which of the following is NOT managed by the Pentagon

A．The parking lot.
B．The restaurant service.
C．The water fountains.
D．The rest rooms.
单项选择题

Blind people can "see" things by using other parts of their bodies. This fact may help us to understand our feelings about color. If blind people can sense color differences, then perhaps we, too, are affected by color unconsciously(无意识地).
Manufacturers (生产商) have discovered by experience that sugar sells badly in green wrappings, that blue foods are considered unpleasant, and that cosmetics(化妆品) should never be packaged in brown. These discoveries have grown into a branch of color psychology.
Color psychology now finds application in everything from fashion to decoration. Some of our preferences are clearly psychological. Dark blue is the color of the night sky and therefore associated with calm, which yellow is a day color with associations of energy and incentive (刺激). For a primitive man, activity during the day meant hunting and attacking, while he soon saw red as the color of blood and anger and the heat that came with effort. And green is associated with passive defense and self-protection.
Experiments have shown that colors, partly because of their psychological associations, also have a direct psychological effect. People exposed to bright red show an increase in breath, in heartbeat and in blood pressure; red is exciting. Similar exposure to pure blue has exactly the opposite effect; it is a calming color. Because of its exciting meaning, red is chosen as the signal for danger, but closer analysis shows that a vivid yellow can produce a more basic state of alarm. So fire engines and ambulances in some advanced communities are now rushing around in bright yellow colors that stop the traffic dead.Which of the following could be the most suitable title for the passage

A．The Branch of Color Psychology.
B．Color and Its Meanings.
C．The Practical Use of Color Psychology.
D．Color and Feelings.
单项选择题

The Pentagon headquarters of the Department of Defense in the US is one of the world"s largest office buildings. It is twice the size of the Merchandise Mart in Chicago, and has three times the floor space of the Empire State Building in New York. There are very few people throughout the United States who do not have some knowledge of the Pentagon. Many have followed news stories emanating from the defense establishment housed in this building. However, relatively few people have had the opportunity to visit.
The Pentagon is virtually a city in itself. Approximately 23,000 employees, both military and civilian, contribute to the planning and execution of the defense over approximately 30 miles of access highways, including express bus lanes and one of the newest subway systems in the country. They ride past 200 acres of lawn to park approximately 8,770 cars in 16 parking lots; climb 131 stairways or ride 19 escalators to reach offices that occupy 3,705 square feet. While in the building, they tell time by 1,200 clocks, drink from 691 water fountains, utilize 284 rest rooms, consume 4,500 cups of coffee, 1,700 pints of milk and 6,800 soft drinks prepared or served by a restaurant staff of 230 persons and distributed in 1 dining room, 2 cafeterias, 6 snack bars, and an outdoor snack bar. The restaurant service is a privately run civilian operation under contract to the Pentagon.
Stripped of its occupants, furniture and various decorations, the building alone is an extraordinary structure. Built during the early years of World War, it is still thought of as one of the most efficient office buildings in the world. Despite 17.5 miles of corridors it takes only seven minutes to walk between any two points in the building.Which of the following statements about the structure of the Pentagon is TRUE

A．All the offices are connected by 131 stairways and 9 escalators.
B．The longest distance between two offices is 17.5 miles.
C．There is no rest room in the Pentagon.
D．It takes no more than 7 minutes to walk from one place to another in the Pentagon.
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